Identify the following image?

Appeared in: AIIMS Delhi NO - 2017

Explanation

The device shown is a Venturi mask, which is a high-flow oxygen delivery system.
The most distinct feature visible is the color-coded (green) air entrainment device at the base of the mask.
This entrainment device allows for the delivery of a precise and constant concentration of oxygen by mixing oxygen with room air.
This feature is unique to Venturi masks and is crucial for patients who require a specific fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2).

Option B: A BiPAP (Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure) mask is typically bulkier and requires a tight seal with extensive headgear to deliver pressurized air. The mask in the image does not have these features.
Option C: An NRBM (Non-Rebreather Mask) is characterized by an attached reservoir bag, which is absent in the image. The bag allows for the delivery of very high oxygen concentrations.
Option D: A face tent is a loose-fitting, shield-like device that is open at the top and fits under the chin. The device in the image is a form-fitting mask that covers the nose and mouth.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Identification of Oxygen Delivery Devices as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
The ability to correctly identify oxygen delivery devices is a fundamental nursing skill to ensure patient safety and effective therapy.
Using a Venturi mask for a COPD patient is critical. Administering too much oxygen can suppress their respiratory drive, leading to CO2 retention and respiratory arrest. The precise FiO2 delivery of a Venturi mask mitigates this risk.
What if the patient's oxygen saturation remains low on the highest setting of the Venturi mask? The nurse should anticipate an order to switch to a non-rebreather mask (NRBM) or consider non-invasive ventilation (BiPAP) to provide higher oxygen concentration and respiratory support.

How to Approach the Question

First, carefully examine the image for key, distinguishing features of the medical device.
In this case, note the clear mask, corrugated tubing, and the prominent color-coded piece at the junction.
Systematically evaluate each option. Recall the defining characteristic of each mask type.
A 'Venturi mask' is known for its color-coded diluters for precise FiO2.
A 'BiPAP mask' has a tight seal and headgear for positive pressure.
An 'NRBM mask' has a reservoir bag.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Nursing Fundamentals Taylor p. 731-733

E6 Nursing Fundamentals Potter Perry 12e Part 5 p. 7-9

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