NORCET 1 - 2020
Medical & Surgical Nursing
Medium
Following is Gastric compression tube ?
Appeared in: NORCET 1 - 2020
Explanation
- The image displays a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube, which is characterized by its multiple lumens and two inflatable balloons: a round gastric balloon and an elongated esophageal balloon.
- This tube is specifically designed for balloon tamponade, which involves applying internal pressure to control life-threatening hemorrhage from gastric and esophageal varices.
- The third lumen allows for aspiration of gastric contents, which helps to monitor for ongoing bleeding and prevent aspiration.
- Its primary purpose is compression, distinguishing it from other GI tubes used for feeding or decompression.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: A jejunostomy tube is a feeding tube surgically inserted into the jejunum (a part of the small intestine). Its purpose is to provide nutrition (enteral feeding), not to apply compression.
- Option C: A Levin tube is a single-lumen nasogastric tube used for gastric decompression (removing gas and fluid), irrigation, or administering feedings. It does not have balloons for compression.
- Option D: A Salem sump tube is a double-lumen nasogastric tube primarily used for continuous gastric decompression. The second lumen (the blue pigtail) is an air vent that prevents the tube from adhering to the stomach wall. It is for suction, not compression.
Related Visual
- Visual 1: Diagram - An illustration showing the correct placement of a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube within the esophagus and stomach, with balloons inflated to compress varices.
- Visual 2: Comparison Chart - A side-by-side visual comparison of a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube, a Salem Sump tube, and a Levin tube, highlighting their key differences in lumens and structure.
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: Knowing Identification and function of gastrointestinal tubes, specifically for gastric compression helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
- The use of a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube is a critical, high-risk intervention reserved for massive, uncontrolled variceal bleeding. It requires intensive monitoring in an ICU setting.
- Key nursing responsibilities include monitoring for respiratory distress (a sign of upward migration and airway obstruction), maintaining correct balloon pressures, and ensuring scissors are kept at the bedside for emergency deflation by cutting the lumens.
- What if? If a patient with an inflated Sengstaken-Blakemore tube suddenly develops stridor and difficulty breathing, the immediate nursing priority is to cut all balloon lumens to rapidly deflate them. This is because the tube may have migrated upwards, causing the esophageal balloon to obstruct the airway, which is a life-threatening emergency.
How to Approach the Question
- First, analyze the image provided. Note the distinct features: it is a tube with multiple ports and two inflatable balloons of different shapes (one round, one long).
- Next, read the question stem, which asks to identify a 'gastric compression tube'.
- Connect the visual evidence with the question. The presence of large, inflatable balloons strongly suggests a function of applying pressure or compression.
- Evaluate the options based on your knowledge of GI tubes. Recall that the Sengstaken-Blakemore tube is specifically designed with balloons for compressing bleeding varices.
- Eliminate the other options by identifying their primary functions: Jejunostomy tube for feeding, and Levin/Salem sump tubes for gastric decompression (suction). None of these are designed for compression.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Identification and function of gastrointestinal tubes, specifically for gastric compression.
- Stem keywords: Gastric compression tube
- Lead-in keywords: Following is
- Negative lead-in flag: false
Question ID
QyJFz7ELGNSJrutFwB6CDT
Practise the full NORCET 1 - 2020
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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