NORCET 1 - 2020
Medical & Surgical Nursing
Medium
Following is Gastric compression tube ?
Appeared in: NORCET 1 - 2020
Explanation
- The image displays a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube, identified by its characteristic two inflatable balloons (one gastric, one esophageal) and multiple lumens.
- This tube is specifically designed for gastric and esophageal compression (tamponade) to control life-threatening bleeding from varices.
- The gastric balloon is inflated first to anchor the tube, followed by the esophageal balloon, which applies direct pressure to the bleeding vessels.
- One lumen is used for gastric aspiration to monitor for ongoing bleeding and to decompress the stomach.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: A jejunostomy tube is a feeding tube placed surgically into the jejunum for enteral nutrition. It has no balloons and is not used for compression.
- Option C: A Levin tube is a single-lumen nasogastric tube used for gastric decompression or feeding. It lacks the balloons necessary to apply pressure for hemorrhage control.
- Option D: A Salem sump tube is a double-lumen nasogastric tube used for continuous gastric decompression. Its second lumen is an air vent, not a balloon port for compression.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: Knowing Identification and function of gastrointestinal tubes, specifically gastric compression tubes helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
- Managing a patient with a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube is a high-risk, critical care intervention. The primary nursing responsibility is vigilant monitoring for complications, especially airway obstruction.
- A pair of scissors must be kept at the bedside at all times. If the patient develops acute respiratory distress, the nurse must immediately cut all lumens to rapidly deflate both balloons and clear the airway.
- What if? If the gastric balloon deflates while the esophageal balloon is still inflated, the tube can migrate upward, causing acute airway obstruction. This is a medical emergency requiring immediate deflation of all balloons.
How to Approach the Question
- First, analyze the image to identify key features of the device shown. Note the presence of multiple lumens and two distinct inflatable balloons.
- Next, read the question stem, which asks to identify a 'gastric compression tube'. This term implies a device used to apply pressure.
- Evaluate the options based on your knowledge of GI tubes. Correlate the function of each tube with the visual evidence.
- The Jejunostomy, Levin, and Salem sump tubes are used for feeding or decompression, not compression. Their structure does not include large inflatable balloons for tamponade.
- The Sengstaken-Blakemore tube is the only option designed with balloons specifically for compressing bleeding varices. This matches both the image and the term 'compression tube'.
- Therefore, conclude that the tube shown is a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Identification and function of gastrointestinal tubes, specifically gastric compression tubes.
- Stem keywords: Gastric compression tube
- Lead-in keywords: Following is
Question ID
QyJFz7ELGNSJrutFwB6CDT
Reference Book
E6 Nursing Fundamentals Potter Perry 12e Part 6 p. 43-45
E6 Nursing Brunner Adult Health 3SA Vol 1 Part 2 p. 89-91
Practise the full NORCET 1 - 2020
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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