Which of the following clinical features are seen in intestinal obstruction, except?

Appeared in: NORCET 5 Prelims - Sept 2023 (Shift-1)

Explanation

Diarrhea is characterized by the rapid movement of fecal matter through the large intestine, which is the opposite of what occurs in an intestinal obstruction.
Intestinal obstruction involves a physical blockage that impedes or stops the forward movement of intestinal contents.
The primary manifestation related to bowel movements in obstruction is the inability to pass stool and gas (constipation or obstipation), not the passage of loose stools.

Option A: Abdominal distension is a classic sign of intestinal obstruction.
Option C: Abdominal pain is a cardinal symptom of intestinal obstruction.
Option D: Obstipation is a hallmark sign of a complete intestinal obstruction.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Knowing Clinical manifestations of intestinal obstruction helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
A nurse assessing a patient with suspected intestinal obstruction must prioritize monitoring for abdominal distension (measuring girth), pain levels, bowel sounds (which may be hyperactive initially, then absent), and signs of dehydration.
Patients with suspected intestinal obstruction are typically made NPO (nothing by mouth) and may require a nasogastric (NG) tube for decompression to relieve vomiting and distension.
Recognizing the signs of obstruction is critical for patient safety, as delayed treatment can lead to bowel ischemia, perforation, peritonitis, and sepsis.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the question type. This is an 'EXCEPT' question, which means you need to find the option that is NOT a feature of the condition.
Recall the core pathophysiology of intestinal obstruction: a blockage preventing the passage of contents.
Think about the logical consequences of this blockage. Contents will build up 'behind' the block, and nothing will pass 'beyond' it.
Evaluate each option based on this pathophysiology:
Does a blockage cause abdominal distension? Yes, due to buildup.
Does a blockage cause abdominal pain? Yes, as the intestine tries to push against it.

Concept Tested & Keywords

QbCwbSHenPjB-ty3X_cEA3

E6 Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics(2024) — Volume 2 p. 62-64

E6 Physiology Guyton 4SAE Part 2B p. 1-3

Practise the full NORCET 5 Prelims - Sept 2023 (Shift-1)

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.