AIIMS BHOPAL NO- 2018( Shift-2nd)
Mental Health Nursing
Easy
An affective disorder among the following is
Appeared in: AIIMS BHOPAL NO- 2018( Shift-2nd)
Explanation
- Affective disorders, also known as mood disorders, are primarily characterized by a disturbance in a person's emotional state or mood.
- Depression is a primary affective disorder, defined by persistent low mood, anhedonia (loss of interest or pleasure), and low energy.
- The other main type of affective disorder is bipolar disorder, which involves episodes of both depression and mania (abnormally elevated mood).
- The term 'affect' refers to the observable expression of emotion, which is pervasively disturbed in these conditions.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option B: Alzheimer's disease is a neurocognitive disorder (dementia), not an affective disorder. Its primary symptoms are cognitive decline, such as memory loss and impaired judgment.
- Option C: Phobia is classified as an anxiety disorder. It is characterized by an excessive and irrational fear of a specific object, situation, or activity.
- Option D: Delirium is an acute neurocognitive disorder. It is characterized by a disturbance in attention, awareness, and cognition that develops over a short period and tends to fluctuate in severity.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Classification of psychiatric disorders, specifically identifying an affective (mood) disorder as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Nurses must accurately differentiate between these conditions as the treatment and nursing interventions vary significantly. For example, antidepressants are used for depression, while management of delirium focuses on treating the underlying cause and ensuring patient safety.
- A patient with depression is at high risk for suicide, requiring careful monitoring and safety precautions. A patient with delirium or Alzheimer's is at high risk for falls and wandering.
- What if? If a patient with known Alzheimer's disease suddenly becomes more confused and agitated, the nurse should first suspect delirium due to an underlying infection (like a UTI) or metabolic imbalance, rather than just a progression of their dementia.
How to Approach the Question
- First, understand the key term in the question: 'affective disorder'. Recall that this is another term for 'mood disorder'.
- Define the core characteristic of a mood disorder: a primary disturbance in the patient's emotional state (e.g., sadness, elation).
- Evaluate each option against this definition.
- Analyze 'Depression': It is defined by persistent low mood, fitting the criteria perfectly.
- Analyze 'Alzheimer's': This is primarily a memory/cognitive disorder.
- Analyze 'Phobia': This is primarily a fear/anxiety disorder.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Classification of psychiatric disorders, specifically identifying an affective (mood) disorder.
- Stem keywords: affective disorder
- Lead-in keywords: BEST, MOST RELEVANT CLUE
- Negative lead-in flag: false
Question ID
QxAaCMQ34_4DK8YCEuPx99
Reference Book
E6 Pharmacology Nursing Lilley 11e Part 1 p. 269-271
E6 Robert Boland, Marcia L. Verduin - Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Text of Psychiatry-Wolters Kluwer Health (2024) (pp 1-16525 of 16525) p. 13421-13423
Practise the full AIIMS BHOPAL NO- 2018( Shift-2nd)
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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