All of the following diseases are transmitted by the Aedes mosquito, EXCEPT:

Appeared in: DSSSB 13 August 2024

Explanation

Nipah virus disease is the correct answer as it is the exception.
It is a zoonotic disease, not an arthropod-borne (arbovirus) disease.
The primary natural reservoir for Nipah virus is fruit bats (genus Pteropus).
Transmission to humans occurs through direct contact with infected animals (bats, pigs), their excretions, contaminated food, or from person to person.

Option A: Chikungunya is incorrect because it is a well-established Aedes-borne disease.
Option C: Zika virus disease is incorrect because it is primarily transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes.
Option D: Dengue fever is incorrect because it is one of the most common diseases transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Modes of transmission for viral diseases, specifically identifying mosquito-borne vs. zoonotic infections as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Understanding the vector is critical for public health nurses to implement effective control measures. For Aedes-borne diseases, efforts focus on eliminating mosquito breeding sites (e.g., standing water).
For Nipah virus, interventions include avoiding contact with bats and pigs in endemic areas and practicing safe food preparation (e.g., boiling date palm sap).
Differential diagnosis in a patient with fever and rash in a tropical area must consider all these diseases. A travel and exposure history (e.g., mosquito bites vs. contact with animals) is crucial for diagnosis.

How to Approach the Question

Identify the core of the question: It asks for the 'exception' among the given options.
Recognize the keyword 'Aedes mosquito', which is the central theme connecting the options.
Recall or deduce the mode of transmission for each listed disease.
Systematically evaluate each option: Is Chikungunya transmitted by Aedes? Yes. Is Zika? Yes. Is Dengue? Yes.
Evaluate the final option: Is Nipah virus disease transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes? No, it's transmitted by fruit bats.
Select the option that does not fit the pattern established by the question's premise.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Modes of transmission for viral diseases, specifically identifying mosquito-borne vs. zoonotic infections.
Stem keywords: diseases, transmitted, Aedes mosquito
Lead-in keywords: EXCEPT
Negative lead-in flag: The question asks for the disease that is NOT transmitted by the Aedes mosquito.

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E6 Medicine Harrison 22e Part 1 p. 1710-1712

E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 1 — Subpart B (pp 202-403 of 604) p. 152-154

E6 Pathology- ROBBINS & COTRAN PATHOLOGIC BASIS OF DISEASE 10TH Ed p. 360-362

Practise the full DSSSB 13 August 2024

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.