All of the following are first aid measures for burn case EXCEPT :

IGNOU PB. Bsc. Nsg. Entrance-2025

Medical & Surgical Nursing

Easy

Appeared in: IGNOU PB. Bsc. Nsg. Entrance-2025

Explanation

Applying ice, oil, or turmeric is strictly contraindicated in the first aid management of burns.
Ice can cause vasoconstriction and frostbite, leading to deeper tissue injury.
Oils, pastes, and herbs like turmeric can trap heat, increase the risk of infection, and interfere with proper medical assessment of the wound.
These substances are not sterile and can introduce pathogens to the compromised skin barrier.

Option A: This is a correct and essential first aid measure. Removing clothing that is hot or smoldering stops the burning process and prevents further tissue damage.
Option B: This is a correct and highly recommended first aid measure. Cool running water helps to lower the temperature of the burn, reduce pain, and limit the extent of tissue damage.
Option C: This is a correct and life-saving technique known as 'stop, drop, and roll.' It is the standard procedure for extinguishing flames on a person's clothing.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain First Aid for Burns as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Proper first aid for burns is crucial for a nurse to teach and perform. It directly impacts patient outcomes by stopping the burning process, minimizing tissue damage, reducing pain, and preventing infection.
Applying incorrect substances can convert a partial-thickness burn into a full-thickness burn and introduce infection, leading to longer healing times, more severe scarring, and the need for more complex treatments like skin grafting.
What if? - If the injury was a chemical burn from a dry powder (like lime), the first step would be to brush off the powder carefully before irrigating with copious amounts of water, as adding water directly can activate some chemicals and worsen the burn.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the keyword 'EXCEPT' in the question stem. This indicates that you must find the option that is an incorrect or harmful action.
Systematically evaluate each option based on standard first aid protocols for burns.
Option A: Removing the source of heat (clothing) is a fundamental principle. This is a correct action.
Option B: Cooling the burn with water is the primary treatment to reduce temperature and pain. This is a correct action.
Option C: 'Stop, drop, and roll' is the standard procedure for extinguishing flames on a person. This is a correct action.
Option D: Consider the application of foreign substances. Home remedies like ice, oil, and turmeric are known to be harmful; ice can cause frostbite, and oils/pastes can trap heat and cause infection. This is an incorrect action.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: First Aid for Burns
Stem keywords: first aid, burn case
Lead-in keywords: EXCEPT
Negative lead-in flag: The question asks to identify the action that is NOT a correct first aid measure for a burn, meaning three options are correct and one is incorrect.

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