Wound made by surgical incision, by a surgeon under aseptic condition is called as?

Appeared in: AIIMS Raipur NO - 2019 (Shift-2)

Explanation

A clean wound is defined as a surgical incision made under sterile (aseptic) conditions in a controlled operating room environment.
This classification applies only when the procedure does not involve entering the respiratory, gastrointestinal (GI), or genitourinary (GU) tracts.
Clean wounds are primarily closed, not drained, and have the lowest postoperative infection risk, typically between 1% and 5%.
Examples include procedures like a hernia repair or a thyroidectomy.

Option A: A puncture wound is caused by penetration from a sharp, pointed object (e.g., a nail), not a clean cut from a scalpel.
Option C: A contusion is a bruise, a type of closed wound from blunt trauma where the skin remains intact. A surgical incision is an open wound.
Option D: An infected wound contains pathogens and shows signs of infection (e.g., pus). A wound made under aseptic conditions is, by definition, not infected at the time of creation.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Knowing Surgical wound classification helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
Understanding wound classification is crucial for nurses to anticipate the risk of surgical site infection (SSI) and implement appropriate postoperative care.
A primary nursing responsibility is to monitor a clean wound for any signs of it becoming an infected wound, such as increased redness, warmth, swelling, pain, or purulent drainage, and to report these findings promptly.
What if? If the surgical incision involved a controlled entry into the bowel (part of the GI tract), the wound would be classified as 'Clean-Contaminated' (Class II). This carries a higher infection risk (5-15%), and prophylactic antibiotics are often administered.

How to Approach the Question

This is a factual recall question that tests your knowledge of medical terminology.
First, identify the key phrases in the question: 'surgical incision' and 'aseptic condition'.
'Surgical incision' implies a planned, sharp cut, distinguishing it from traumatic wounds.
'Aseptic condition' means sterile, free from contamination by microorganisms.
Evaluate each option based on these keywords. 'Puncture' and 'contusion' describe types of traumatic injuries, not surgical incisions. 'Infected' is the opposite of 'aseptic'.
Therefore, 'Clean wound' is the only term that accurately describes a planned surgical cut made in a sterile environment.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Gynecology Williams p. 81-106

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