Which of the following is represented in Erikson theory of psychosocial development at school age?

Appeared in: RIMS Nursing Officer - 2022

Explanation

According to Erikson's theory, the school-age period (approximately 6 to 12 years) corresponds to the psychosocial stage of Industry vs. Inferiority.
During this stage, children are focused on learning and mastering new skills, particularly in school and social settings.
Successful navigation of this stage leads to a sense of competence and self-confidence ('industry').
If children are discouraged or experience repeated failures, they may develop a sense of inadequacy and low self-esteem ('inferiority').

Option A: This is the final stage of Erikson's theory, occurring in late adulthood (65+ years).
Option B: This stage corresponds to the preschool years (3 to 6 years).
Option D: This is the very first stage of development, occurring in infancy (birth to 18 months).

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Nurses can use Erikson's theory to provide age-appropriate care. For a hospitalized school-aged child, it is crucial to foster a sense of industry to prevent feelings of inferiority.
Practical nursing interventions include encouraging the child to participate in their own care (e.g., keeping a record of fluid intake), providing opportunities for them to continue with schoolwork, and praising their efforts and accomplishments.
Allowing the child to engage in tasks and activities helps them feel productive and maintain a sense of normalcy and control during a stressful time.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key concepts in the question stem: 'Erikson theory' and 'school age'.
This is a factual recall question that requires knowledge of a specific developmental theory.
Mentally review or visualize Erikson's eight stages of psychosocial development.
Match the 'school age' period (typically 6-12 years) with its corresponding psychosocial crisis.
Evaluate the given options to find the one that matches the crisis for the school-age period.
Eliminate the other options by identifying the age groups they correspond to (infancy, preschool, late adulthood).

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Psychology Baron Misra 5e Part 1 p. 312-314

E6 Nursing Fundamentals Potter Perry 12e Part 1 p. 164-166

E6 Kaplan Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry-2022 (pp 1-3768 of 3768) p. 3372-3374

Practise the full RIMS Nursing Officer - 2022

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.