GMCH Chandigarh - 2019
Applied Microbiology & Infection control
Medium
Which of the following is not a potential source of acquired immunity?
Appeared in: GMCH Chandigarh - 2019
Explanation
- The correct option identifies the substance that does not provide acquired immunity.
- Acquired immunity is developed by either being exposed to a pathogen (antigen) or by receiving pre-formed antibodies.
- Prescribed multivitamins are nutritional supplements. They support the overall function of the immune system but do not contain antigens or antibodies.
- Therefore, taking multivitamins does not result in the development of specific immunity against any disease.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: This is a classic example of natural active immunity. When the body is exposed to a disease, the immune system responds by creating its own antibodies, leading to long-term memory and protection.
- Option B: This describes natural passive immunity. A baby receives temporary protection by getting antibodies from the mother through the placenta before birth (IgG) and through breast milk after birth (IgA).
- Option D: This is an example of artificial passive immunity. Serum from an animal (like a horse) that has been immunized against a specific toxin or venom can be given to a human for immediate, short-term protection.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Types of Acquired Immunity as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Understanding the different types of immunity is fundamental for nurses, especially in vaccination, maternal-child health, and managing infectious diseases.
- Passive immunity (e.g., from mother or antiserum) provides immediate but temporary protection. This is crucial for newborns or for post-exposure prophylaxis (e.g., rabies immunoglobulin).
- Active immunity (from infection or vaccination) takes time to develop (days to weeks) but provides long-lasting, sometimes lifelong, protection.
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the negative framing of the question by spotting the keyword 'not'. This means you are looking for the option that does not fit the category.
- Next, define the key concept: 'acquired immunity'. Recall that this is immunity developed after birth, either actively (making your own antibodies) or passively (receiving them).
- Evaluate each option against this definition.
- Option A (disease response) is active immunity. Option B (from mother) is passive immunity. Option D (animal serum) is passive immunity. All are types of acquired immunity.
- Option C (multivitamins) provides nutrients but not antibodies or antigens. It supports the immune system but doesn't create specific immunity.
- Conclude that multivitamins are the correct answer because they are not a source of acquired immunity.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Types of Acquired Immunity
- Stem keywords: acquired immunity, source
- Lead-in keywords: not
- Negative lead-in flag: Question asks for the exception
Question ID
Qx9LvhhXbRChqhYw6g2xPv
Reference Book
E6 Physiology Essentials Sembulingam 10e Part 1 p. 126-128
E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 1 — Subpart A (pp 26-201 of 604) p. 95-97
Practise the full GMCH Chandigarh - 2019
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
More Immunity Questions
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