Which of the following is called internationally available cholera vaccine?

Appeared in: RIMS Nursing Officer - 2022

Explanation

Dukoral is an internationally licensed oral cholera vaccine, available in over 60 countries.
It is a killed whole-cell vaccine (WC-rBS) containing both biotypes and serotypes of Vibrio cholerae O1, supplemented with the recombinant B subunit of the cholera toxin.
It is one of the oral cholera vaccines prequalified by the World Health Organization (WHO) and is often recommended for travelers to endemic areas.

Option B: Daptacel is a combination vaccine that protects against Diphtheria, Tetanus, and acellular Pertussis (DTaP). It offers no protection against cholera.
Option C: Vivotif is an oral, live attenuated vaccine used for the prevention of typhoid fever, which is caused by the bacterium Salmonella Typhi, not Vibrio cholerae.
Option D: Menactra is a quadrivalent conjugate vaccine that protects against four serogroups (A, C, Y, and W) of Neisseria meningitidis, the bacterium that causes meningococcal meningitis. It is unrelated to cholera.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Identification of internationally available vaccines, specifically for cholera as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Nurses play a vital role in travel medicine, advising patients on necessary vaccinations. Knowing the specific indications for vaccines like Dukoral is essential for providing accurate patient education.
Patient counseling for cholera vaccination must emphasize that it does not provide 100% protection and should be combined with preventive measures like hand hygiene and ensuring the safety of food and water.
Proper administration is critical for oral vaccines like Dukoral, which requires mixing with a specific buffer and avoiding food or drink for a period before and after ingestion to ensure efficacy.

How to Approach the Question

This is a factual recall question that tests your knowledge of common vaccines.
First, identify the key terms in the question: 'internationally available' and 'cholera vaccine'.
Systematically evaluate each option to see if it matches the description of a cholera vaccine.
Recall or deduce that Dukoral is specifically designed to prevent cholera.
Eliminate the other options by identifying the distinct diseases they target: Daptacel (DTaP), Vivotif (Typhoid), and Menactra (Meningococcal disease).
Confirming that Dukoral is the only cholera vaccine among the options leads to the correct answer.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Identification of internationally available vaccines, specifically for cholera.
Stem keywords: internationally available, cholera vaccine
Lead-in keywords: Which
Negative lead-in flag: false

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E6 Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics(2024) — Volume 1 p. 1792-1794

E6 Medicine Harrison 22e Part 1 p. 1370-1372

E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 1 — Subpart B (pp 202-403 of 604) p. 89-91

Practise the full RIMS Nursing Officer - 2022

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.