UP CHO - 10 September 2021
Applied Physiology
Easy
Psychoneuroimmunology focuses on the links between mind, brain, and ______ .
Appeared in: UP CHO - 10 September 2021
Explanation
- Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is the field that studies the bidirectional interactions between the mind (psychological processes), the nervous system (neuro), and the immune system (immunology).
- The name itself breaks down the core components: 'Psycho' for mind, 'Neuro' for the nervous system, and 'Immunology' for the immune system.
- The question mentions the 'mind' and 'brain' (a key part of the nervous system), making the 'immune system' the correct missing component of the triad.
- Research in PNI shows how emotions and stress can trigger the release of hormones (like cortisol) and nerve signals that regulate and alter the function of immune cells.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: The 'brain' is already mentioned in the question, and it is the central organ of the nervous system. PNI studies the interaction between the nervous system and the immune system, not just the components of the nervous system itself.
- Option B: While there is a well-established 'gut-brain axis' and stress significantly affects the digestive system, it is not one of the three core pillars that define the field of psychoneuroimmunology.
- Option C: The reproductive system is heavily influenced by the neuroendocrine system, and stress can affect reproductive health. However, it is not a primary definitional component of PNI.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Definition and components of Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Nurses must practice holistic care, recognizing that a patient's mental and emotional state directly impacts their physical healing and vulnerability to illness.
- Implementing stress-reduction techniques (e.g., deep breathing, mindfulness) is a valid nursing intervention to support immune function, especially in chronically ill or post-operative patients.
- Patient education on the mind-body connection is vital. Explaining how stress can weaken immunity helps patients understand the importance of managing anxiety and seeking psychosocial support.
How to Approach the Question
- First, analyze the term 'Psychoneuroimmunology' by breaking it into its root words.
- Identify the meaning of each part: 'Psycho-' (mind/psychology), 'Neuro-' (nerves/brain), and 'Immunology' (immune system).
- Read the question stem: '...links between mind, brain, and ______.'
- Compare the components from the term's breakdown to the parts mentioned in the question.
- The question already provides 'mind' ('Psycho-') and 'brain' ('Neuro-').
- Determine the missing component, which is 'Immunology', corresponding to the immune system.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Definition and components of Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)
- Stem keywords: Psychoneuroimmunology, mind, brain
- Lead-in keywords: BEST, MOST RELEVANT CLUE
- Negative lead-in flag: false
Question ID
QBv1njXH94lf4g3jgB-dJR
Reference Book
E6 Robert Boland, Marcia L. Verduin - Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Text of Psychiatry-Wolters Kluwer Health (2024) (pp 1-16525 of 16525) pp. 7794-7796, 7795-7797
Practise the full UP CHO - 10 September 2021
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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