In this question, relationship between different elements is shown in the statement. This statement is followed by three conclusions. Assume the given statement to be true and choose the answer from the given options:

Statements: G = L > E < A <_ M

Conclusions:

i) L > M

ii) G <A

iii) A > L

Appeared in: RRB Nsg. Superintendent-20 July 2019 (Shift-1)

Explanation

The provided statement G = L > E < A ≤ M contains opposing inequality signs (> and <) in the path between the elements of each conclusion.
When a logical path between two elements contains opposing signs (e.g., X > Y < Z), no definite relationship can be established between the outer elements (X and Z).
Conclusion i (L > M) fails because the path is L > E < A ≤ M, showing opposing signs.
Conclusion ii (G < A) fails because the path G = L > E < A also has opposing signs.
Conclusion iii (A > L) fails because while both A and L are greater than E, their direct relationship cannot be determined.

Option A: This option claims all conclusions follow, but as demonstrated, none of the conclusions can be logically proven from the statement.
Option B: This option claims conclusions i and ii follow. However, both are invalid due to the presence of opposing inequality signs in their respective logical paths.
Option D: This option claims conclusions ii and iii follow. Both are invalid. Conclusion ii has opposing signs, and for conclusion iii, the relationship between A and L is indeterminate.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Logical Reasoning - Coded Inequalities as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
While this is a logical reasoning question, the underlying skill is critical for nursing practice.
Nurses must use deductive and inductive reasoning to interpret patient data, prioritize care, and anticipate outcomes. For example, interpreting a series of vital signs (like Temp > 38°C, HR > 100, BP < 90/60) requires logically connecting disparate data points to identify a potential condition like sepsis.
This type of logical analysis is fundamental to the nursing process (Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation).

How to Approach the Question

First, carefully read the statement and break it down into individual relationships: G = L, L > E, E < A, A ≤ M.
Next, examine each conclusion one by one.
For each conclusion, trace the path between the two elements using the relationships from the statement.
The key rule is: If the path contains opposing inequality signs (e.g., > and <), no definite conclusion can be drawn. This is the most common reason for an invalid conclusion.
Evaluate Conclusion i (L > M): The path is L > E < A ≤ M. It contains > and <. Therefore, it does not follow.
Evaluate Conclusion ii (G < A): The path is G = L > E < A. It contains > and <. Therefore, it does not follow.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Q9LdqstAJSe2D1KXZZ56Pq

E6 Psychology Morgan King 9e Part 2 p. 67-69

Practise the full RRB Nsg. Superintendent-20 July 2019 (Shift-1)

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.