In the fallopian tubes, fertilization takes place in the?

Appeared in: DSSSB - 29 August 2019 (Shift-2)

Explanation

Fertilization, the fusion of sperm and egg, most commonly occurs in the ampulla.
The ampulla is the widest and longest portion of the fallopian tube, forming about two-thirds of its length, which provides an optimal environment for the gametes to meet.
Its lining has numerous folds and cilia that help in the transport and meeting of the oocyte and sperm.

Option A: The cervix is the lower part of the uterus, not the fallopian tube. It serves as a passageway for sperm to enter the uterus but is not the site of fertilization.
Option C: The fimbriae are finger-like projections at the end of the fallopian tube responsible for capturing the egg from the ovary after ovulation, not for fertilization.
Option D: The isthmus is the narrow segment of the fallopian tube that connects the ampulla to the uterus. The fertilized egg (zygote) passes through it on its way to the uterus for implantation, but fertilization does not typically occur here.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Anatomy of the Fallopian Tube and Site of Fertilization as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
The ampulla is the most common site for an ectopic pregnancy, a life-threatening condition where the fertilized egg implants in the fallopian tube.
A nurse must be vigilant for signs of a ruptured ectopic pregnancy, such as sudden, sharp, unilateral lower abdominal pain, vaginal spotting, and signs of hypovolemic shock (hypotension, tachycardia, dizziness).
Understanding the site of fertilization is crucial for diagnosing and managing infertility, as blockages in the ampulla (e.g., from Pelvic Inflammatory Disease) can prevent conception.

How to Approach the Question

This is a factual recall question about reproductive anatomy.
First, identify the key terms in the question: 'fallopian tubes' and 'fertilization'.
Mentally visualize or recall the different parts of the fallopian tube, in order from the ovary to the uterus: Fimbriae -> Infundibulum -> Ampulla -> Isthmus.
Associate the primary function with each part. Fimbriae 'catch' the egg, the ampulla is the wide 'meeting place', and the isthmus is the narrow 'pathway' to the uterus.
Eliminate options that are not part of the fallopian tube (Cervix).
Select the option that corresponds to the primary site of fertilization based on anatomical knowledge.

Concept Tested & Keywords

QnGBeQpJaiuPPnZ-vjM8UM

E6 Physiology Ganong 27e Vol 2 Part 3 p. 150-151

E6 Anatomy Applied Ashalatha 4e p. 389-391

Practise the full DSSSB - 29 August 2019 (Shift-2)

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.