In dysentery there is passage of:

IGNOU PB Bsc Entrance-2022

Medical & Surgical Nursing

Easy

Appeared in: IGNOU PB Bsc Entrance-2022

Explanation

Dysentery is an inflammatory infection of the colon caused by invasive organisms like Shigella or Entamoeba histolytica.
The invasion of the intestinal lining causes inflammation, ulceration, and tissue damage.
This results in the characteristic passage of frequent, small-volume loose stools (diarrhea).
The stool is mixed with blood from damaged capillaries, pus (which consists of white blood cells/leukocytes), and mucus produced by the irritated colon.
Therefore, the combination of loose motion, blood, pus, and mucus is the hallmark of dysentery, making it the most complete answer.

Option A: This option is incomplete. While blood in the stool (hematochezia) is a key sign of dysentery, it omits the other characteristic findings of loose motion, pus, and mucus.
Option B: This option is incomplete. It omits the presence of blood, which results from mucosal damage, and the diarrheal (loose motion) component, both of which are defining features of dysentery.
Option C: This option is also incomplete. It fails to include the loose motions (diarrhea) and the presence of mucus, which are integral parts of the clinical picture of dysentery.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Clinical manifestations of dysentery as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Differentiating dysentery from simple watery diarrhea is critical for patient management. Dysentery often requires specific antimicrobial therapy (e.g., for Shigellosis), whereas watery diarrhea is primarily managed with rehydration.
Nurses must implement strict contact precautions and meticulous hand hygiene for patients with dysentery to prevent fecal-oral transmission, especially in hospital or community settings.
Monitoring for signs of dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and complications like toxic megacolon or hemolytic uremic syndrome is a key nursing responsibility.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the core concept in the question, which is 'dysentery'.
Recall the definition and pathophysiology of dysentery: it is an invasive and inflammatory process in the colon.
Consider what an inflammatory process in the gut would produce. Inflammation leads to damaged tissue (bleeding), an immune response (pus/WBCs), irritation (mucus production), and malabsorption (diarrhea/loose motion).
Evaluate each option to see how completely it describes this process.
Options A, B, and C each list some, but not all, of the key features.
Select the option that provides the most comprehensive and accurate description, which includes all the classic components: loose motion, blood, pus, and mucus.

Concept Tested & Keywords

QBAGQQR0M24VGFp5Bpo9rj

E6 Ghai Essential Pediatrics(pp 26-904 of 913) p. 314-316

E6 Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics(2024) — Volume 2 p. 9-11

E6 Pathology-Vandana Puri & Kavita Gaur Textbook of Pathology and Genetics p. 459-461