Identify the INCORRECTLY matched pair.

Appeared in: DSSSB 13 August 2024

Explanation

This pair is incorrect because Scurvy is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin C (ascorbic acid), not Vitamin A.
Vitamin A deficiency is primarily associated with eye-related conditions, such as night blindness (nyctalopia) and xerophthalmia (dry eyes), as well as impaired immune function.
The other pairs correctly match the vitamin with its corresponding deficiency disease.

Option A: This option is a correct match. Vitamin D deficiency impairs calcium absorption, leading to rickets in children, which is characterized by soft and weak bones.
Option C: This option is a correct match. Niacin (Vitamin B3) deficiency causes pellagra, classically known for the '3 Ds': dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia.
Option D: This option is a correct match. Thiamine (Vitamin B1) deficiency leads to beriberi, which can manifest with neurological symptoms (dry beriberi) or cardiovascular symptoms (wet beriberi).

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Vitamin Deficiency Diseases as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Nurses must be able to recognize the signs and symptoms of various vitamin deficiencies to facilitate early diagnosis and nutritional intervention, preventing severe complications.
Patient education on balanced diets and food sources rich in essential vitamins is a key nursing role in community health to prevent deficiency diseases.
What if? If a patient presents with bleeding gums, fatigue, and perifollicular hemorrhage, the nurse should suspect scurvy (Vitamin C deficiency) and inquire about their dietary intake, particularly of fruits and vegetables, rather than focusing on Vitamin A sources.

How to Approach the Question

Read the question carefully, noting the keyword 'INCORRECTLY'. This means you are looking for the false statement among the options.
Evaluate each option pair one by one.
Recall or use your knowledge of major vitamins and their associated deficiency diseases.
Check the link between Vitamin D and Rickets. This is a well-known correct association.
Check the link between Niacin and Pellagra. This is also a classic correct pairing.
Check the link between Thiamine and Beriberi. This is another correct association.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Vitamin Deficiency Diseases
Stem keywords: Vitamin D, Rickets, Vitamin A, Scurvy, Niacin, Pellagra, Thiamine, Beriberi
Lead-in keywords: INCORRECTLY matched
Negative lead-in flag: The question asks for the INCORRECTLY matched pair.

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E6 Medicine Davidson Principles Practice 24e p. 734-736

E6 Medicine Harrison 22e Part 2 p. 507-509

E6 textbook of Applied Biochemistry and Nutrition & DieteticsHarbans Lal (pp 26-464 of 479) p. 365-367

Practise the full DSSSB 13 August 2024

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.