Identify the following instrument?& x20;

AIIMS Rishikesh NO - 2019

Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Easy

Identify the following instrument?

Appeared in: AIIMS Rishikesh NO - 2019

The instrument in the image is a Sims' vaginal speculum.
Its key identifying features are the double-ended design with blades of unequal size and a curved central handle.
It is a non-self-retaining instrument used primarily to retract the posterior vaginal wall for visualization of the cervix.
This instrument is commonly used in various gynecological procedures like D&C, vaginal hysterectomy, and taking Pap smears.

Option A: A Cusco speculum is a bivalved (duckbill-shaped) instrument and is self-retaining, which is different from the double-ended, non-self-retaining instrument shown.
Option C: A Doyen retractor is a large, single-bladed instrument used for retracting abdominal organs and walls during major surgeries, not for vaginal examination.
Option D: Allis forceps are tissue-grasping instruments with sharp, interlocking teeth. The instrument in the image is a retractor (speculum) and lacks these features.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Identification of common gynecological surgical instruments as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
A nurse must be able to correctly identify surgical instruments to ensure the right equipment is available for a procedure, preventing delays and ensuring patient safety.
The nurse is responsible for positioning the patient correctly (e.g., Sims' position) for the examination and assisting the physician by holding the speculum if required, as it is not self-retaining.
Proper cleaning, sterilization, and storage of these instruments are critical nursing responsibilities to prevent cross-infection.

How to Approach the Question

First, carefully observe the key features of the instrument in the image. Note its shape, number of blades, and any special mechanisms.
The instrument is metallic, curved, and has two blades of different sizes at opposite ends. It does not have a screw or lock.
Consider the function based on the design. The smooth, curved blades suggest it's for retracting tissue in a cavity, likely the vagina.
Evaluate the options. 'Cusco speculum' is self-retaining (has a lock). 'Doyen retractor' is for abdominal surgery. 'Allis forceps' is for grasping tissue (has teeth).
The features match the description of a 'Sims speculum', which is a double-bladed, non-self-retaining vaginal retractor.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Midwifery Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing Sandeep Kaur p. 50-58

E6 Gynecology Williams p. 429-437

Practise the full AIIMS Rishikesh NO - 2019

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.