Identify the instrument given below denote picture?& x20; - AIIMS Delhi NO - 2018

AIIMS Delhi NO - 2018

Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Easy

Appeared in: AIIMS Delhi NO - 2018

Explanation

The instrument in the image is a Doyen's retractor.
It is identified by its characteristic wide, curved, concave blade designed for broad tissue retraction.
It also features a long shaft and a fenestrated (looped) handle for a secure grip, which is typical for handheld retractors.
This instrument is frequently used in abdominal and pelvic surgeries, most notably to retract the bladder during a Caesarean section.

Option B: A Balfour retractor is a self-retaining retractor, meaning it holds itself in place. It consists of a frame with multiple blades (typically two side blades and a central blade) and looks very different from the handheld instrument in the image.
Option C: A Fritsch retractor is very similar to a Doyen's and is considered a modification. However, the instrument shown is the classic Doyen's pattern. In examinations, Doyen's is the standard answer for this design.
Option D: An Omni Tract retractor is a complex, table-mounted, self-retaining retractor system. It consists of a frame that attaches to the operating table and uses various arms and blades for retraction, which is completely different from the simple handheld tool shown.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Identification of Surgical Instruments as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
A scrub nurse must be able to quickly and accurately identify hundreds of surgical instruments. Handing the wrong instrument can delay the surgery and compromise patient safety.
During a Caesarean section, the correct and prompt placement of the Doyen's retractor is critical to protect the bladder from accidental injury by the scalpel.
Nurses are responsible for instrument counts before, during, and after surgery. Knowing the names and appearances of all instruments, including retractors, is essential to prevent retained surgical items.

How to Approach the Question

First, carefully examine the image of the surgical instrument. Note its key characteristics: Is it handheld or self-retaining? What is the shape of the blade? What does the handle look like?
The instrument in the picture is clearly handheld, has a long shaft, a looped handle, and a wide, curved blade.
Next, evaluate the given options based on your knowledge of surgical instruments.
Option A, Doyen's retractor, is a handheld retractor with a wide, curved blade, matching the image.
Option B, Balfour retractor, is a large, self-retaining retractor with a frame and multiple blades. This does not match the image.
Option D, Omni Tract retractor, is a complex, table-mounted self-retaining system. This does not match the image.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Gynecology Williams p. 429-437