Identify an incorrect option from the following hormone-gland pairs.

Appeared in: SGPGI Nursing Officer-2024

Explanation

The pair 'Adrenal | Amylase' is incorrect.
Amylase is a digestive enzyme, not a hormone. Its primary function is to hydrolyze (break down) starch into smaller sugars.
The adrenal glands are endocrine glands that produce steroid hormones (like cortisol and aldosterone) and catecholamines (like adrenaline), but not amylase.
Amylase is primarily synthesized and secreted by the exocrine pancreas and the salivary glands.

Option A: This option is correct. Vasopressin, also known as Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH), is synthesized in the hypothalamus but is stored in and released from the posterior pituitary gland.
Option B: This option is also incorrect. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) is a hormone produced by the placenta during pregnancy, not the ovary. The ovary produces hormones like estrogen and progesterone.
Option C: This option is correct. Leptin is a hormone produced primarily by adipose (fat) tissue. It plays a key role in regulating energy balance and appetite.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Identification of endocrine glands and their corresponding hormone secretions as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Understanding the sources of hormones is fundamental for diagnosing and managing endocrine disorders. For example, measuring HCG levels is the basis for pregnancy tests.
Abnormal levels of adrenal hormones can indicate conditions like Cushing's syndrome (excess cortisol) or Addison's disease (adrenal insufficiency).
Elevated serum amylase levels are a key diagnostic marker for acute pancreatitis, an inflammation of the pancreas, not an adrenal issue.

How to Approach the Question

First, read the question carefully to understand the task, which is to identify the incorrect pair.
Evaluate each option by asking two questions: 1) Is the substance listed (e.g., Vasopressin, Amylase) a hormone? 2) Is it produced or released by the corresponding gland/tissue?
For Option A: Vasopressin is a hormone released by the posterior pituitary. This is correct.
For Option B: HCG is a hormone, but it's from the placenta, not the ovary. This is incorrect.
For Option C: Leptin is a hormone from adipose tissue. This is correct.
For Option D: Amylase is an enzyme, not a hormone, and it's not from the adrenal gland. This is incorrect on two levels.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Identification of endocrine glands and their corresponding hormone secretions.
Stem keywords: hormone-gland pairs, Vasopressin, HCG, Leptin, Amylase
Lead-in keywords: incorrect option
Negative lead-in flag: false

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E6 Nursing Brunner Adult Health 3SA Vol 1 Part 4 p. 9-11

E6 Anatomy Applied Ashalatha 4e p. 226-228

E6 Physiology Essentials Sembulingam 10e Part 2 p. 28-30

Practise the full SGPGI Nursing Officer-2024

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.