DSSSB -28 August 2019 (Shift-2)
Medical Surgical Nursing
Easy
Identify a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus from the following.
Appeared in: DSSSB -28 August 2019 (Shift-2)
Explanation
- Diabetic complications are categorized as either microvascular (affecting small blood vessels) or macrovascular (affecting large blood vessels).
- Nephropathy, which is damage to the kidneys' filtering units (glomeruli), is a primary microvascular complication of diabetes.
- Chronic hyperglycemia damages the delicate capillaries within the glomeruli, leading to impaired kidney function.
- The other options listed are all examples of macrovascular complications.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: Stroke is a macrovascular complication. It results from atherosclerosis in the large arteries supplying the brain (cerebrovascular disease), not the small vessels.
- Option B: Peripheral vascular atherosclerosis is a macrovascular complication. It involves the hardening and narrowing of large arteries that supply blood to the limbs.
- Option D: Coronary atherosclerosis is a macrovascular complication. It is the narrowing of the large coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle, leading to coronary artery disease.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Classification of diabetic complications (Microvascular vs. Macrovascular) as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Nurses play a crucial role in screening for and managing diabetic complications. For nephropathy, this includes monitoring urine for albumin (UACR) and checking serum creatinine/eGFR annually.
- Patient education is key. Nurses must teach patients about the importance of tight glycemic control (A1c targets), blood pressure management (target less than 130/80 mmHg), and lifestyle modifications to slow the progression of all complications.
- A critical safety point is advising patients with nephropathy to avoid nephrotoxic drugs, especially NSAIDs (like ibuprofen and naproxen), which can acutely worsen kidney function.
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the key terms in the question: 'microvascular complication' and 'diabetes mellitus'.
- Recall or deduce the meaning of 'micro' (small) and 'macro' (large) in the context of blood vessels.
- Mentally categorize the major long-term complications of diabetes into these two groups.
- Microvascular complications classically include the 'triopathy': retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy.
- Macrovascular complications involve atherosclerosis in large arteries, leading to cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and peripheral vascular disease.
- Evaluate each option against this classification. 'Nephropathy' fits the microvascular category, while the others fit the macrovascular category.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Classification of diabetic complications (Microvascular vs. Macrovascular)
- Stem keywords: microvascular complication, diabetes mellitus
- Lead-in keywords: Identify
- Negative lead-in flag: false
Question ID
QLDdFOVAVOwCxpcdSA9ydZ
Reference Book
E6 Medicine Harrison 22e Part 2 p. 1126-1128
E6 PATHOLOGY QUICK REVIEWBased on Harsh Mohan Textbook of PATHOLOGY p. 247-249
E6 Nutrition Kumud Khanna 2e p. 344-346
Practise the full DSSSB -28 August 2019 (Shift-2)
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
More Endocrine system Questions
- A 45-year-old patient undergoes a total thyroidectomy and is admitted to the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) for monitoring. Shortly after arrival,…
- A polytrauma patient following a head injury passed 1000 ml urine output in 3 hours. What would be the first assessment in this patient?
- A female patient comes in OPD routine checkup. Her random blood sugar (RBS) level on 2 different occasion are 110 mg/dl and 113 mg/dl. On the basis o…
- Increased pulse rate during sleeping is seen in?
- Which of the following combinations of adverse effects must be carefully monitored when administering I.V. insulin to a patient diagnosed with diabet…
- Wermer's syndrome is considered as?
- The diagnostic test used for detecting diabetes insipidus is:
- Cretinism is due to deficiency of?
- Tumors within sella turcica and small adenomas of the pituitary glands can be removed through
- What is the primary purpose of administering potassium chloride infusion to a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis?
More DSSSB -28 August 2019 (Shift-2) Questions
- Read the given statement and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information in the statement is true, even if they appear to be at variance wit…
- Out of the given options, three are similar in a certain manner. However, one option is NOT like the other three. Select the option which is differen…
- Five girls took part in a race. Rashi finished before Manisha but behind Garima. Ankita finished before Sakshi but behind Manisha. Who won the race?
- If a mirror is placed on the line MN, then which of the answer figures will be the right mirror image of the given figure?
- Out of the given options, three are similar in a certain manner. However, one option is NOT like the other three. Select the option which is differen…
- Which of the following answer figures completes the series of the question figure?
- Out of the given options, three are similar in a certain manner. However, one option is NOT like the other three. Select the option which is differen…
- Which of the following cubes in the answer figure CANNOT be made based on the unfolded cube in the question figure?
- Which two signs should be interchanged to make the below equation mathematically correct? (56+6) 8 × 3 + 3 \= 18
- Two men Kashish and Yash start from the same point. Kashish walks 0.3 km west, then turns north and walks 0.45 m, then turns to his right and walks 0…