DHS 2018 shift 1st
Medical & Surgical Nursing
Medium
Which of the following statements about AIDS is true?
Appeared in: DHS 2018 shift 1st
Explanation
- The correct choice is 'None of the above' because the other three statements are factually incorrect regarding AIDS.
- Statement A is false; HIV is not highly infectious and requires specific transmission routes, unlike airborne diseases.
- Statement B is false; AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection, so the concept of an 'early stage of AIDS' is a contradiction. Early detection of HIV, not AIDS, is key.
- Statement C is false; while pneumonia is a serious risk, Tuberculosis is the leading cause of death globally for people with HIV/AIDS, who can succumb to many different opportunistic infections.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: HIV is not considered highly infectious. It is transmitted through specific bodily fluids (e.g., blood, semen) and not through casual contact, air, or insects.
- Option B: AIDS is the end-stage of HIV infection, defined by severe immunosuppression. There is no 'early stage' of AIDS. Early detection and treatment of HIV infection itself is what improves prognosis.
- Option C: While Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a common opportunistic infection, Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death among people with HIV/AIDS worldwide. Patients die from a wide range of infections and cancers.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Characteristics and misconceptions of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Nurses must provide accurate education to patients and communities to combat misinformation and reduce the stigma associated with HIV/AIDS.
- Understanding that AIDS is a late-stage diagnosis emphasizes the critical importance of routine HIV screening and early initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART).
- A key nursing role is monitoring for and managing opportunistic infections, which are the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with AIDS.
How to Approach the Question
- This is a 'select the true statement' question, which requires evaluating the factual accuracy of each option.
- First, analyze Option A: 'highly infectious'. Recall the transmission routes of HIV. Is it spread casually or through the air? No. So, this is false.
- Next, analyze Option B: 'early stages' of AIDS. Recall the definition of AIDS. It's the end-stage of HIV. This statement is a contradiction and therefore false.
- Then, analyze Option C: 'most... die due to pneumonia'. Consider the variety of opportunistic infections associated with a collapsed immune system. Is one single cause responsible for the majority of deaths globally? This is unlikely. Recall that TB is a major killer. So, this statement is also false.
- Since options A, B, and C are all false, the only remaining correct choice is 'None of the above'.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Characteristics and misconceptions of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
- Stem keywords: AIDS, true statement
- Lead-in keywords: Which, true
Question ID
QedDFmniLiMzAr3hQ0XkQZ
Reference Book
E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 1 — Subpart C (pp 404-604 of 604) p. 13-15
E6 Pathology- ROBBINS & COTRAN PATHOLOGIC BASIS OF DISEASE 10TH Ed pp. 254-256, 265-267
Practise the full DHS 2018 shift 1st
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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