Which of the following is NOT a non-communicable disease?

DSSSB - 29 August 2019 (Shift-1)

Community Health Nursing

Medium

Appeared in: DSSSB - 29 August 2019 (Shift-1)

Explanation

Dengue is the correct answer because it is a communicable disease.
It is caused by the dengue virus, which is an infectious agent.
Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito, a classic example of vector-borne transmission, which is a hallmark of communicable diseases.

Option A: Diabetes is a classic example of a non-communicable disease (NCD). It is a chronic metabolic condition that is not infectious.
Option C: Blindness is a sensory impairment, not an infectious disease. Its leading causes, such as cataracts, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy, are non-communicable in nature.
Option D: The term 'Limitation' is not a disease. In a public health context, it typically refers to 'Disability Limitation,' which is a level of tertiary prevention aimed at reducing the impact of a disease. It is a concept of care, not a disease classification.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Knowing Difference between communicable and non-communicable diseases helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
Understanding the difference between communicable and non-communicable diseases is fundamental for nurses in public health.
This distinction dictates the type of prevention and control strategies. For Dengue (communicable), the focus is on vector control (e.g., eliminating mosquito breeding sites) and preventing bites. For Diabetes (non-communicable), the focus is on lifestyle modification, screening, and long-term management.
What if? If a patient presents with fever, rash, and body aches in a Dengue-endemic area, a nurse's priority is to consider a communicable disease and initiate appropriate isolation or vector-control precautions, whereas a patient with high blood sugar requires education on diet and medication adherence.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the negative keyword 'NOT' in the question stem. This means you are looking for the option that does not fit the category of 'non-communicable disease'.
Define 'non-communicable disease' in your mind: a disease that is not infectious and cannot be passed from person to person.
Therefore, the question is asking you to find the communicable (infectious) disease among the options.
Evaluate each option: Is it infectious? Can it be transmitted?
Diabetes is metabolic (non-communicable). Blindness is a condition, not infectious (non-communicable). 'Limitation' is not a disease.
Dengue is a viral infection spread by mosquitoes (communicable). This is the outlier and the correct answer.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Difference between communicable and non-communicable diseases.
Stem keywords: non-communicable disease
Lead-in keywords: NOT
Negative lead-in flag: The question asks to identify the option that is NOT a non-communicable disease, requiring careful reading to spot the negative framing.

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E6 Comprehensive Textbook of Community Health Nursing for BSc Nursing Students Part 2 — Subpart A (pp 1-275 of 550) p. 129-131

E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 1 — Subpart C (pp 404-604 of 604) pp. 73-75, 67-69