Which infectious disease is caused by the Rubeola virus?

Appeared in: UP CHO - 2018

Explanation

Measles is an acute viral illness caused by the Rubeola virus, which belongs to the genus Morbillivirus within the Paramyxoviridae family.
The disease is characterized by a prodrome of fever, cough, coryza (runny nose), and conjunctivitis.
A pathognomonic sign of measles is the appearance of Koplik's spots—small, bluish-white spots on the buccal mucosa—which appear before the characteristic maculopapular rash.
The Rubeola virus is highly contagious and spreads through respiratory droplets from an infected person.

Why Other Options Were Wrong

Option A: Chickenpox is caused by the Varicella-zoster virus (VZV), a member of the Herpesviridae family, not the Rubeola virus.
Option B: Hepatitis B is a liver infection caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV), which belongs to the Hepadnaviridae family.
Option D: Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne illness caused by the Dengue virus (DENV), which is a member of the Flaviviridae family.

Related Visual

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Knowing Causative agent of common communicable diseases helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
Accurate identification of the causative agent is fundamental for diagnosis, treatment, and public health measures, including vaccination schedules (e.g., MMR vaccine for Measles, Mumps, and Rubella).
Distinguishing between Rubeola and Rubella is critical in clinical practice, especially for pregnant patients, due to the severe teratogenic effects of the Rubella virus (Congenital Rubella Syndrome).
Nursing care for measles includes respiratory isolation, supportive care for symptoms, and administration of Vitamin A as recommended to reduce the risk of complications like blindness and mortality.

How to Approach the Question

This is a factual recall question. First, identify the key term in the question stem: 'Rubeola virus'.
Systematically evaluate each option to determine which disease is caused by this specific virus.
Recall or deduce the causative agents for each listed disease: Chickenpox (Varicella-zoster), Hepatitis-B (HBV), Measles (Rubeola), and Dengue (Dengue virus).
Match 'Rubeola virus' to 'Measles'.
Also, be mindful of the common confusion between 'Rubeola' (Measles) and 'Rubella' (German Measles) to avoid errors.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Causative agent of common communicable diseases
Stem keywords: infectious disease, Rubeola virus
Lead-in keywords: Which
Negative lead-in flag: false

Question ID

QiA2ZY4PxgEbqdHiytmkDv

Reference Book

E6 Robert Boland, Marcia L. Verduin - Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Text of Psychiatry-Wolters Kluwer Health (2024) (pp 1-16525 of 16525) p. 2036-2038

E6 Medicine Davidson Principles Practice 24e p. 256-258

E6 Text Book Of Pediatric Nursing 3rd Panchali Pal — Part 3 (pp 477-702 of 713) p. 65-67

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