AIIMS Delhi NO - 2018: What is the purpose of using blue threaded sponges for abdominal surgeries?

AIIMS Delhi NO - 2018

Medical & Surgical Nursing

Easy

Appeared in: AIIMS Delhi NO - 2018

Explanation

The correct option states that the sponge is radiopaque.
The blue thread woven into the surgical sponge is impregnated with a radiopaque material, typically barium sulfate.
This material is dense and blocks X-rays, causing the thread (and thus the sponge) to appear clearly on a radiograph.
This feature is a crucial safety measure to detect and prevent the accidental retention of sponges inside a patient's body after surgery.
A retained sponge, known as a gossypiboma, is a serious medical error that can lead to severe complications.

Option B: While the sponge itself is sterile to prevent infection, the specific function of the blue thread is not to prevent infection. In fact, a retained sponge becomes a breeding ground for bacteria, causing severe infection.
Option C: Surgical sponges are used for absorption and retraction; they do not have properties that actively enhance or promote wound healing. A retained foreign body like a sponge would significantly impair and delay the healing process.
Option D: This is a restatement of option B. The blue thread's purpose is detection, not infection control. A retained sponge is a major cause of postoperative infection and abscesses.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Surgical safety protocols and the function of radiopaque markers in surgical equipment as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Retained surgical items are considered a 'never event' in healthcare, meaning they are serious, largely preventable errors that should never occur.
The circulating nurse and scrub nurse have a critical responsibility to perform and document accurate counts of all sponges, needles, and instruments before, during, and at the end of a surgical procedure.
What if? If a sponge count is incorrect at the end of a procedure, the surgeon must be notified immediately. The protocol requires a thorough search of the surgical field, drapes, and trash, followed by an intraoperative X-ray to rule out a retained sponge before the patient's incision is closed.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key terms in the question: 'blue threaded sponges' and 'purpose'. This indicates you need to know the specific function of the blue thread, not the sponge in general.
Analyze the options. Option A describes a physical property (radiopaque), while options B, C, and D describe biological effects (infection, healing).
Recall or deduce the function of adding a special marker to a surgical item. Such markers are almost always for detection and safety.
Evaluate the term 'radiopaque'. It means visible on an X-ray. This directly relates to detecting a lost item inside the body.
Eliminate the other options. Preventing infection is the purpose of sterility, not the thread. Enhancing healing is not a function of a lap sponge. A retained sponge causes, rather than prevents, infection.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Surgical safety protocols and the function of radiopaque markers in surgical equipment.
Stem keywords: blue threaded sponges, abdominal surgeries, purpose
Lead-in keywords: What is

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