Two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are given. Read both the statements carefully and select the correct answer with the help of the codes.

Assertion (A): Inside the Earth, metals are present in molten state.

Reason (R): Earth reflects the Sun's rays.

1. A

   (A) is true, but (R) is false.

2. B

   Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

3. C

   Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

4. D

   (A) is false, but (R) is true.

Appeared in: NVS- 2025

Explanation

• Assertion (A) is true: The Earth's outer core is a liquid layer composed of molten iron and nickel.
• The heat that keeps the outer core molten originates from the planet's formation (primordial heat) and the decay of radioactive elements.
• Reason (R) is also true: The Earth reflects a significant portion of the sun's energy back into space, a process known as albedo, which influences climate.
• However, (R) is not the correct explanation for (A). The core's temperature is an internal process, whereas solar reflection is a surface/atmospheric phenomenon. The two are unrelated.

Why Other Options Were Wrong

• Option A: This option is incorrect because Reason (R), which states that the Earth reflects the Sun's rays, is a scientifically true statement.
• Option B: This option is incorrect because the reflection of sunlight by the Earth's surface and atmosphere has no effect on the temperature of the Earth's deep interior core.
• Option D: This option is incorrect because Assertion (A) is a true statement. The Earth's outer core is indeed in a molten state.

Related Visual

Clinical Relevance

• Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Assertion and Reason: Earth's Internal Structure and Solar Reflectivity as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
• This question tests general scientific knowledge, which is a component of the General Intelligence and Aptitude section in many nursing entrance examinations.
• The ability to analyze two separate statements and evaluate their logical relationship is a critical thinking skill. This skill is transferable to clinical practice, where nurses must connect patient symptoms (assertion) with underlying pathophysiology (reason).
• What if? If the Reason (R) stated, 'Heat from radioactive decay and primordial energy is trapped within the Earth's interior,' it would then be a correct explanation for Assertion (A).

How to Approach the Question

• First, analyze the Assertion (A) statement on its own. Determine if it is a true or false statement based on scientific facts.
• Second, analyze the Reason (R) statement independently. Determine if it is true or false.
• Third, if both statements are true, evaluate the relationship between them. Ask yourself: 'Does the Reason (R) logically and directly cause or explain the Assertion (A)?'
• Finally, choose the option that accurately reflects your analysis of the truthfulness of both statements and their causal connection.

Concept Tested & Keywords

• Concept Tested: Assertion and Reason: Earth's Internal Structure and Solar Reflectivity
• Stem keywords: Assertion, Reason, Inside the Earth, molten state, reflects Sun's rays
• Lead-in keywords: select the correct answer
• Negative lead-in flag: false

Question ID

QPEf3ogsui3pxbQwTM_Lin

Copy ID

Reference Book

E6 Comprehensive Textbook of Community Health NursingShyamala D part 1 (pp 26-389 of 389) pp. 135-137, 110-112