Two segments of a LAN can be connected using a \ \ \ \ \ \ . - UP CHO - 10 September 2021

UP CHO - 10 September 2021

Computer and Nursing Information

Easy

Appeared in: UP CHO - 10 September 2021

Explanation

A bridge is a network device that operates at the Data Link Layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model.
Its primary purpose is to connect two or more segments of the same Local Area Network (LAN).
A bridge works by inspecting the Media Access Control (MAC) address of incoming data frames.
It intelligently forwards a frame to another segment only if the destination device is located on that segment, otherwise, it discards the frame.
This filtering process reduces unnecessary network traffic and isolates collision domains, improving the efficiency of the entire network.

Option A: A gateway is used to connect two networks that use different protocols (protocol translation). This is a more complex function than simply connecting two segments of the same LAN.
Option B: A repeater operates at the Physical Layer (Layer 1) and simply regenerates and forwards all electrical signals it receives. It does not read addresses or filter traffic, so it forwards everything, including collisions and noise.
Option D: A router operates at the Network Layer (Layer 3) and is used to connect two or more different networks (e.g., connecting your home LAN to the internet WAN). It makes forwarding decisions based on IP addresses, not MAC addresses.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Function of LAN Networking Devices as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
This is a non-nursing, general knowledge question on computer networks.
Technical Relevance: In a modern hospital, the network is critical. It is often segmented to improve performance and security. For example, the network for sensitive patient monitoring devices might be separated from the administrative office network or the public Wi-Fi network.
Understanding devices like bridges (and more commonly today, switches, which are multi-port bridges) is fundamental to understanding how these hospital networks are designed and maintained.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key terms in the question: 'Two segments' and 'a LAN'. This indicates the task is internal to a single local network.
Next, recall the basic functions of the network devices listed in the options.
Consider the OSI model. A repeater is Layer 1 (Physical), a bridge is Layer 2 (Data Link), a router is Layer 3 (Network), and a gateway can operate on multiple layers.
Differentiate the devices based on their intelligence. A repeater is a 'dumb' device that just amplifies signals. A bridge is 'smarter' as it reads MAC addresses to filter traffic. A router is even 'smarter' as it reads IP addresses to route traffic between different networks.
Match the device function to the task. Connecting two segments of the same LAN while managing traffic is the specific job of a bridge.
Eliminate the other options. A repeater doesn't manage traffic. A router connects different networks. A gateway is for dissimilar networks. Therefore, a bridge is the most precise answer.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Textbook of Nursing Management and Leadership I. Clemen — Subpart C (pp 655-967 of 982) p. 23-25