IGNOU PB Bsc Entrance-2022
Nursing Foundation
Hard
Sand bags are used to prevent all the conditions, except:
Appeared in: IGNOU PB Bsc Entrance-2022
Explanation
- Amputation is the surgical removal of a limb and is not a condition that can be prevented by a positioning device.
- Sandbags are used for external support, alignment, and pressure application, which are functions unrelated to preventing the need for a surgical amputation.
- The underlying causes for amputation, such as severe trauma, peripheral vascular disease, or uncontrolled infection, are complex medical issues that require medical or surgical treatment, not positioning aids.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option B: Sandbags can be used to help prevent or reduce swelling. By elevating a limb with a sandbag, venous return is promoted, which decreases edema.
- Option C: Sandbags can be used to prevent wrist drop. By placing a sandbag to support the hand and wrist in a neutral, functional position, it prevents the prolonged flexion that leads to contractures and nerve compression.
- Option D: Sandbags are commonly used to prevent the external rotation of the thigh in bedridden patients. Placing them along the outside of the leg from the hip to the knee maintains neutral alignment of the femur.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Use of therapeutic positioning devices in nursing as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Proper patient positioning is a fundamental nursing skill to prevent complications of immobility, such as pressure ulcers, contractures, and nerve damage.
- While sandbags are a traditional tool, nurses must always assess the patient's skin integrity and neurovascular status when any positioning device is in use to prevent iatrogenic injury.
- What if the patient has fragile skin or poor circulation? In this case, using a heavy sandbag might be contraindicated. The nurse should consider lighter alternatives like pillows or foam wedges and increase the frequency of skin assessment and repositioning.
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the keywords in the question. The key phrase here is 'except'. This means you are looking for the option that does NOT fit with the others.
- Analyze the function of a sandbag in a clinical setting. It's a device used for positioning, support, or applying pressure.
- Evaluate each option to see if it can be prevented or managed with a positioning device like a sandbag.
- Option A (Amputation) is a surgical procedure. Options B (Swelling), C (Wrist drop), and D (Rotation of thigh) are all conditions related to positioning, pressure, or alignment.
- The one that stands out as not being manageable by a simple positioning aid is the correct answer.
- Therefore, select 'Amputation' as it is the exception.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Use of therapeutic positioning devices in nursing.
- Stem keywords: Sand bags, prevent, conditions
- Lead-in keywords: except
- Negative lead-in flag: This is a negative-lead-in question, asking you to identify the EXCEPTION among the options.
Question ID
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Reference Book
E6 Nursing Fundamentals Taylor p. 332-334
E6 Nursing Brunner Adult Health 3SA Vol 1 Part 4 pp. 122-124, 127-129
Practise the full IGNOU PB Bsc Entrance-2022
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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