Priorities of planning in Nursing process is done by

RUHS, Jaipur, M.Sc Nursing Entrance Exam-2023

Nursing Foundation

Easy

Appeared in: RUHS, Jaipur, M.Sc Nursing Entrance Exam-2023

Explanation

Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a fundamental framework used in nursing to prioritize patient care by ranking human needs.
It establishes that basic physiological needs (like airway, breathing, circulation) must be met before higher-level needs (like safety, love, or esteem).
This model ensures that life-sustaining interventions are always addressed first, providing a logical and safe structure for care planning.
For example, a patient's need for oxygen (a physiological need) takes priority over their anxiety about a procedure (a safety/security need).

Option A: This is a cognitive psychology model that explains how humans process information; it is not a framework for prioritizing patient care needs.
Option B: Developed by Hildegard Peplau, this theory focuses on the phases of the nurse-patient therapeutic relationship, not on prioritizing needs.
Option C: This model describes the behavioral and emotional stages a person goes through when ill. It does not guide the nurse in prioritizing clinical interventions.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Knowing Prioritization frameworks in the nursing process helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
In any clinical setting, especially emergencies, nurses use Maslow's hierarchy (often combined with ABCs - Airway, Breathing, Circulation) to make rapid, life-saving decisions.
A nurse must be able to quickly assess a patient with multiple problems and identify the most urgent physiological need, such as a compromised airway, which takes precedence over all other concerns.
What if? A post-operative patient is anxious about their surgical scar (esteem need) but also has a low oxygen saturation level (physiological need). The nurse must prioritize addressing the low oxygen immediately, even if the patient is focused on their appearance.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the core question: it asks for a model used for 'priorities of planning' in nursing.
Think about common prioritization frameworks taught in nursing. The most fundamental one is based on what is most essential for survival.
Evaluate each option. Does it relate to prioritizing needs? The 'Information processing model' is about thinking. 'Interpersonal theory' is about relationships. 'Stages of illness' is about patient behavior.
Recall Maslow's hierarchy. It explicitly ranks human needs from basic survival (physiological) to higher-level growth (self-actualization).
Conclude that Maslow's hierarchy is the only model listed that provides a clear structure for prioritizing patient problems from most to least critical.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Nursing Fundamentals Potter Perry 12e Part 1 pp. 91-93, 66-68

E6 Nursing Fundamentals Potter Perry 12e Part 2 p. 72-74