Match the following correctly? Disease Route

A. Measles 1. Oral

b. BCG 2. IM

C. Hib 3. ID

d. OPV (Sabin) 4. SC

1. A

   a-4, b-3, c-2, d-1

2. B

   a-3, b-4, c-1, d-2

3. C

   a-4, b-2, c-3, d-1

4. D

   a-2, b-3, c-4, d-1

Appeared in: NORCET 2 -2021 (Shift-2)

Explanation

• The Measles vaccine is administered via the subcutaneous (SC) route.
• The BCG vaccine for tuberculosis is uniquely administered via the intradermal (ID) route to create a specific immune response (wheal).
• The Hib vaccine, like many other inactivated vaccines, is given via the intramuscular (IM) route for optimal absorption.
• The Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV), as its name suggests, is administered orally.

Why Other Options Were Wrong

• Option B: This option incorrectly matches Measles with Intradermal (ID), BCG with Subcutaneous (SC), Hib with Oral, and OPV with Intramuscular (IM). Each of these pairings is wrong.
• Option C: This option incorrectly pairs BCG with Intramuscular (IM) and Hib with Intradermal (ID). BCG is always ID, and Hib is IM.
• Option D: This option incorrectly matches Measles with Intramuscular (IM), BCG with Intradermal (ID) - which is correct, but then incorrectly pairs Hib with Subcutaneous (SC).

Related Visual

• Visual 1: Diagram - A diagram illustrating the different angles of needle insertion for Intradermal (10-15°), Subcutaneous (45°), and Intramuscular (90°) injections. This helps visualize the correct technique for each route.
• Visual 2: Chart - A chart of the National Immunization Schedule (India), showing each vaccine, the disease it prevents, the dose, route of administration, and recommended site. This provides a comprehensive overview for students.

Clinical Relevance

• Nursing practice connection: Knowing Vaccine Administration Routes helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
• Administering a vaccine via the correct route is critical for its efficacy and safety. An incorrect route can lead to reduced immunogenicity or increased local adverse reactions. For example, giving the BCG vaccine subcutaneously instead of intradermally can cause a severe local abscess (BCG-itis).
• Nurses must adhere to the 'Five Rights' of medication administration, which includes the 'Right Route', to ensure patient safety and optimal vaccine performance.
• What if? If a child has a known bleeding disorder like hemophilia, intramuscular (IM) injections are generally avoided due to the risk of hematoma. The physician may recommend administering the vaccine via the subcutaneous (SC) route if an alternative is available and appropriate for that specific vaccine.

How to Approach the Question

• First, analyze the two columns to be matched: a list of vaccines and a list of administration routes.
• Identify the most straightforward and well-known matches. For example, 'OPV (Oral Polio Vaccine)' clearly indicates the 'Oral' route. So, d matches with 1.
• Look at the options. Any option that does not have 'd-1' can be immediately eliminated. In this case, all four options include 'd-1', so you must continue.
• Next, recall the unique administration route for BCG. It is always given intradermally (ID). So, b matches with 3.
• Now check the options again. Only option 'a' has the combination 'b-3' and 'd-1'. This makes it the most likely correct answer.
• Finally, confirm the remaining matches to be sure: Measles is given subcutaneously (SC, a-4), and Hib is given intramuscularly (IM, c-2). This confirms that the sequence a-4, b-3, c-2, d-1 is correct.

Concept Tested & Keywords

• Concept Tested: Vaccine Administration Routes
• Stem keywords: Measles, BCG, Hib, OPV (Sabin), Route
• Lead-in keywords: Match the following

Question ID

QSLHzQh_xG_p1Ipo_A2aof

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