Match the following antibiotics with their most commonly associated organism: 

1. Streptomycin a. Streptococcal pharyngitis  

2. Amoxicillin b. H. pylori

  3. Doxycycline c. Mycobacterium tuberculosis  

4. Clarithromycin d. Chlamydia trachomatis

1. A

   A. 1-c, 2-a, 3-d, 4-b

2. B

   B. 1-c, 2-b, 3-d, 4-a

3. C

   C. 1-a, 2-c, 3-b, 4-d

4. D

   D. 1-d, 2-a, 3-c, 4-b

Appeared in: INI-CET EXAM -2026

Explanation

• Streptomycin is a first-line aminoglycoside antibiotic used in combination therapy for Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
• Amoxicillin, a beta-lactam antibiotic, is the standard first-line treatment for Streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat).
• Doxycycline, a tetracycline antibiotic, is a primary treatment for infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.
• Clarithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, is a crucial part of multi-drug regimens to eradicate Helicobacter pylori, a cause of peptic ulcers.

Why Other Options Were Wrong

• Option B: This option incorrectly pairs Amoxicillin with H. pylori and Clarithromycin with Streptococcal pharyngitis. While Amoxicillin is part of H. pylori therapy, Clarithromycin is the more specific macrolide for it in this context, and Amoxicillin is the primary choice for strep throat.
• Option C: This option incorrectly matches all the given pairs. For example, it pairs Streptomycin (for TB) with Streptococcal pharyngitis and Amoxicillin (for strep throat) with TB.
• Option D: This option incorrectly swaps the organisms for Streptomycin and Doxycycline. Streptomycin is used for TB, not Chlamydia, and Doxycycline is used for Chlamydia, not TB.

Related Visual

Clinical Relevance

• Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Antibiotic Spectrum of Activity and Common Clinical Applications as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
• Correctly matching antibiotics to pathogens is a core principle of antimicrobial stewardship, essential for preventing treatment failure and minimizing the development of antibiotic resistance.
• Nurses must be vigilant for potential allergies, especially to penicillin-class drugs like Amoxicillin. It is crucial to verify allergies before administration and know the alternative antibiotics.
• Patient education is a key nursing role for complex regimens like H. pylori eradication, which involves multiple drugs and strict adherence to ensure the infection is cleared and to prevent relapse.

How to Approach the Question

• This is a 'Match the Following' question, which tests factual recall of drug-pathogen associations.
• First, scan both lists to identify the drugs and organisms involved.
• Start by making the most certain match. Many healthcare professionals immediately link Streptomycin with Tuberculosis (TB). So, match 1 with c.
• Look at the options. Only options A and B start with '1-c'. This allows you to eliminate options C and D immediately.
• Next, consider another common pairing: Amoxicillin is a very frequent choice for Streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat). Match 2 with a.
• Check the remaining options. Only option A has the '1-c, 2-a' sequence.

Concept Tested & Keywords

• Concept Tested: Antibiotic Spectrum of Activity and Common Clinical Applications
• Stem keywords: Streptomycin, Amoxicillin, Doxycycline, Clarithromycin, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Streptococcal pharyngitis, H. pylori, Chlamydia trachomatis
• Lead-in keywords: Match the following

Question ID

QuY_LrEWz0xIzH_f-kVuyx

Copy ID

Reference Book

E6 Pharmacology KD Tripathi OneStop 9e pp. 146-148, 148-150, 145-147