Infection of the urinary bladder caused by Escherichia coli is a type of bacteria commonly found in gastro intestinal tract is called

Appeared in: NHM UP Staff Nurse-2021 Shift-1st

Explanation

Cystitis is the specific medical term for inflammation and infection of the urinary bladder.
It is considered a lower urinary tract infection (UTI).
The most common cause of uncomplicated cystitis is Escherichia coli (E. coli), a bacterium that originates from the gastrointestinal tract.
Symptoms are typically localized to the lower urinary tract and include dysuria, frequency, and urgency.

Option A: Pyelonephritis refers to an infection of the kidneys and renal pelvis, which are part of the upper urinary tract, not the bladder.
Option C: Urethritis is the inflammation of the urethra, the tube that expels urine from the bladder. The question specifies an infection of the bladder itself.
Option D: Nephrotic syndrome is a non-infectious kidney disorder characterized by a specific set of symptoms (proteinuria, edema, hypoalbuminemia). It is a condition of altered kidney function, not a bacterial infection.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Knowing Terminology and classification of Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
Recognizing the signs of cystitis is crucial for early treatment to prevent the infection from ascending to the kidneys, which can lead to a more severe condition like pyelonephritis and urosepsis.
Patient education is a key nursing role. Nurses must teach female patients about proper hygiene, such as wiping from front to back, to reduce the risk of transferring E. coli to the urethra.
Nurses must emphasize the importance of completing the full course of prescribed antibiotics, even if symptoms improve, to fully eradicate the bacteria and prevent recurrence or antibiotic resistance.

How to Approach the Question

First, break down the question to identify the key components: the location of the infection ('urinary bladder') and the causative agent ('Escherichia coli').
The core of the question is asking for the specific medical term for a bladder infection.
Review the options and define each term based on your medical terminology knowledge.
A) Pyelonephritis = kidney infection.
B) Cystitis = bladder infection.
C) Urethritis = urethra infection.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Terminology and classification of Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs).
Stem keywords: Infection, urinary bladder, Escherichia coli
Lead-in keywords: is called

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E6 Medicine Harrison 22e Part 1 p. 1327-1329

E6 Medicine Davidson Principles Practice 24e p. 450-452

Practise the full NHM UP Staff Nurse-2021 Shift-1st

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.