In which year was the CSSM Programme initiated?

Appeared in: RRB Nsg. Superintendent 21 July 2019 (shift 1st)

Explanation

The Child Survival and Safe Motherhood (CSSM) Programme was launched by the Government of India in 1992.
This programme integrated various child survival schemes (like UIP, ORT, pneumonia control) with safe motherhood initiatives to reduce infant and maternal mortality.
The CSSM programme was a significant step towards a consolidated approach to MCH care, which was later expanded under the Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) programme in 1997.

Option A: The year 1980 is incorrect. While the 1980s saw significant developments in public health, the CSSM programme was not initiated in this year.
Option B: The year 1990 is incorrect. This was two years before the actual launch of the CSSM programme.
Option D: The year 1982 is incorrect. The National Health Policy was formulated in 1982 and approved in 1983, but the CSSM programme was launched a decade later.

Visual 1: Infographic: Timeline of Maternal and Child Health Programmes in India, showing the progression from EPI (1978) -> UIP (1985) -> CSSM (1992) -> RCH (1997) -> NRHM (2005) -> NHM (2013). This visual helps learners understand the evolution of public health policy.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain National Health Programmes in India as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
For Community Health Nurses, understanding the history of national health programmes like CSSM is crucial. It provides context for the current Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health (RMNCH+A) strategy.
Knowledge of these programmes helps in tracking the evolution of services, understanding the rationale behind current health interventions, and effectively implementing them at the grassroots level.
What if the question asked about the RCH programme? The answer would be 1997, as RCH-I subsumed the CSSM programme and expanded its scope to include reproductive health, STIs, and a client-centered approach.

How to Approach the Question

This is a factual recall question based on the history of public health in India.
Identify the key term in the question: 'CSSM Programme'.
Recall the launch year of major national health programmes.
The CSSM programme was a significant initiative in the early 1990s.
Eliminate other years associated with different programmes (e.g., 1985 for UIP).
Select 1992 as the correct launch year for the CSSM programme.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Q5oNi1jF9a1tn-2O-9eGBN

Practise the full RRB Nsg. Superintendent 21 July 2019 (shift 1st)

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.