Identify the true statement related to Periodontal disease-

1. Presence of a cleft lip
2. Bleeding or swollen gums
3. Formation of pockets and loosening of teeth
4. Oro-dental trauma

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A

   Only 2, 3 and 4

2. B

   Only 1 and 4

3. C

   Only 2 and 3

4. D

   Only 1, 2 and 3

Appeared in: Raj. CHO -2024

Explanation

• Periodontal disease is an infection of the tissues that hold teeth in place.
• Statement 2 is correct: Bleeding or swollen gums are the hallmark signs of gingivitis, the earliest stage of periodontal disease.
• Statement 3 is correct: As the disease progresses to periodontitis, the supporting bone and fibers are destroyed, causing gums to separate from the teeth, forming pockets and leading to tooth loosening.

Why Other Options Were Wrong

• Option A: This option incorrectly includes statement 4. Oro-dental trauma is an injury from an external force, not a symptom that develops from the disease process of periodontitis.
• Option B: This option is incorrect because it includes two false statements. Statement 1 (cleft lip) is a congenital defect, and statement 4 (oro-dental trauma) is an injury. Neither are signs of periodontal disease.
• Option D: This option incorrectly includes statement 1. A cleft lip is a birth defect (congenital anomaly) and is not a sign or symptom of periodontal disease.

Related Visual

• Visual 1: Diagram - A comparative illustration showing healthy gums versus gums with gingivitis (red, swollen) and periodontitis (gum recession, deep pockets, bone loss). This helps visualize the progression of the disease.

Clinical Relevance

• Nursing practice connection: Prioritize focused assessment, early escalation, and real-time monitoring when managing Signs and symptoms of periodontal disease in acute care settings.
• Nurses play a crucial role in patient education regarding oral hygiene (brushing, flossing) to prevent periodontal disease.
• It is important to assess for risk factors such as smoking, diabetes, and poor nutrition, which can worsen periodontal disease.
• Chronic inflammation from periodontal disease is linked to systemic conditions like cardiovascular disease and stroke, making oral health assessment a key part of a holistic health evaluation.

How to Approach the Question

• First, read the question carefully to understand that you need to identify the TRUE statements about periodontal disease.
• Evaluate each of the four numbered statements individually based on your knowledge of oral pathology.
• Statement 1 (Cleft lip): Recognize this as a congenital condition, not an acquired disease symptom.
• Statement 2 (Bleeding gums): Recall this as a primary sign of gingivitis/gum inflammation.
• Statement 3 (Pockets/loose teeth): Identify these as signs of advanced periodontal disease (periodontitis).
• Statement 4 (Trauma): Understand this as an injury, not a disease symptom.

Concept Tested & Keywords

• Concept Tested: Signs and symptoms of periodontal disease
• Stem keywords: Periodontal disease, true statement
• Lead-in keywords: Identify, Choose the correct answer
• Negative lead-in flag: false

Question ID

QAXW_RTllKeS-4xxarauCF

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