AIIMS Delhi NO - 2018
Medical & Surgical Nursing
Easy
Identify the instrument shown in the picture below?
Appeared in: AIIMS Delhi NO - 2018
Explanation
- The instrument shown is a laryngoscope, used to visualize the larynx and facilitate endotracheal intubation.
- It consists of a handle (containing batteries) and a detachable blade with a light source at the tip.
- The image correctly displays two common types of blades: the curved Macintosh blade and the straight Miller blade.
- The primary function is to displace the tongue and soft tissues to get a clear view of the vocal cords before inserting an endotracheal tube.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: A bronchoscope is a long, thin, flexible or rigid tube designed to be passed through the airway into the bronchi for visualization or procedures within the lungs. The instrument in the image is short, rigid, and designed for upper airway visualization only.
- Option C: A sigmoidoscope is an instrument used for examining the lower part of the large intestine (the sigmoid colon). It is used in gastroenterology and is structurally and functionally completely different from the airway instrument shown.
- Option D: A colonoscope is a very long, flexible instrument used to visualize the entire colon. Its length and flexibility are its key features, which are absent in the rigid, handheld instrument in the picture.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Identification of common medical instruments used in airway management as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Nurses play a crucial role in airway management by ensuring all necessary equipment is ready and functional. Before an intubation, the nurse should check the laryngoscope light to ensure it is 'white, bright, and tight'.
- Assisting during intubation may involve tasks like applying cricoid pressure (Sellick's maneuver) to prevent aspiration and improve laryngeal view, or preparing suction to clear secretions.
- Patient safety is paramount. The nurse must monitor the patient's oxygen saturation and heart rate continuously during the intubation attempt and alert the provider if desaturation occurs.
How to Approach the Question
- First, carefully observe the instrument in the image. Note its distinct components: a handle and a blade attached at a right angle.
- Analyze the features of the components. The handle is for gripping, and the blades (one straight, one curved) have a specific shape designed for insertion into a body cavity.
- Consider the function implied by the instrument's design. The shape is optimized for navigating the anatomy of the mouth and throat to lift tissues and provide a clear view.
- Evaluate the given options based on your analysis. A 'laryngo-scope' is for viewing the larynx, a 'broncho-scope' for the bronchi, and 'sigmoido-'/'colo-' scopes for the colon. The instrument's shape is consistent with viewing the larynx.
- Eliminate the other options. Bronchoscopes and colonoscopes are much longer and more flexible to navigate deeper into the body, which does not match the instrument shown.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Identification of common medical instruments used in airway management.
- Stem keywords: instrument, picture, identify
- Lead-in keywords: Identify
Question ID
Q4rmjOiAthIp-eQm1rX8OP
Reference Book
E6 Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics(2024) — Volume 2 pp. 308-310, 309-311
Practise the full AIIMS Delhi NO - 2018
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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