NORCET -4 , 2023
Medical & Surgical Nursing
Medium
Identify the following method of oxygenation which is denoting in image?
Appeared in: NORCET -4 , 2023
Explanation
- The device shown is a Non-rebreather mask (NRBM).
- This is identified by the presence of a reservoir bag attached to the mask.
- A key feature is the one-way valve system. A valve between the bag and mask prevents exhaled air from entering the reservoir.
- One-way valves on the side exhalation ports (one is visible in the image) prevent the intake of room air during inhalation, ensuring a high concentration of oxygen is delivered.
- This setup allows for the delivery of the highest possible oxygen concentration (80-95%) to a spontaneously breathing patient.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: A partial re-breather mask also has a reservoir bag, but it lacks the one-way valves on the exhalation ports. This design allows some exhaled air to be rebreathed along with the oxygen from the bag.
- Option B: A simple oxygen mask does not have an attached reservoir bag. It is a basic mask that covers the nose and mouth with open side ports.
- Option D: A Venturi mask is characterized by its color-coded, interchangeable entrainment adapters that allow for the delivery of a precise oxygen concentration. It does not have a reservoir bag.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Identification of oxygen delivery devices based on visual features as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- The NRBM is critical in emergency situations for patients with severe hypoxemia, such as those with respiratory distress, trauma, or carbon monoxide poisoning, as it delivers the highest concentration of oxygen non-invasively.
- A crucial nursing responsibility is to ensure the reservoir bag does not fully deflate on inspiration. If it does, the oxygen flow rate is too low, and the patient may start rebreathing significant amounts of exhaled carbon dioxide.
- What if? - If the one-way valve between the mask and the bag were removed, the device would function as a partial re-breather mask. This would lower the delivered FiO2 because the patient would rebreathe the initial portion of their exhaled air from the reservoir bag.
How to Approach the Question
- First, carefully examine the image provided, paying close attention to all parts of the oxygen device.
- Identify the key components. In this image, note the face mask, the attached inflatable bag (reservoir bag), and the small white disc on the side port (one-way valve).
- Recall the characteristics of the different oxygen masks listed in the options.
- Compare your visual analysis with the definitions: A simple mask has no bag. A Venturi mask has colored adapters. Both partial and non-rebreather masks have bags.
- Differentiate between the partial and non-rebreather masks. The presence of one-way valves on the exhalation ports is the defining feature of a non-rebreather mask.
- Since the image clearly shows a reservoir bag and a one-way valve, conclude that it is a Non-rebreather mask (NRBM).
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Identification of oxygen delivery devices based on visual features.
- Stem keywords: oxygenation, image, mask
- Lead-in keywords: Identify
- Clinical cues: Presence of a reservoir bag and one-way valve are key visual cues.
Question ID
Qf5E-KrduXVlLx1E2FGk00
Reference Book
E6 Nursing Fundamentals Taylor p. 731-733
E6 Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics(2024) — Volume 1 p. 663-665
Practise the full NORCET -4 , 2023
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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