Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Urbanization and economic development are complementary to each other.

Reason (R): Cities have developed as a result of industrialization.

Select the correct answer using the code given below

1. A

   Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is correct explanation of (A)

2. B

   Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not correct explanation of (A)

3. C

   (A) is true but (R) is false

4. D

   (A) is false but (R) is true

Appeared in: UPPSC 2022

Explanation

• Both the Assertion (A) and the Reason (R) are factually correct statements on their own.
• Assertion (A) is true because urbanization and economic development have a two-way, mutually beneficial relationship. Urban areas concentrate labor and capital, fostering economic growth, while economic growth creates opportunities that attract people to cities.
• Reason (R) is true because the Industrial Revolution was a primary driver of modern city growth, as factories required a concentrated labor force.
• However, the Reason (R) is not the correct explanation for the Assertion (A). It only explains one direction of the relationship (industrialization causing urbanization) and fails to capture the complementary, two-way nature described in the assertion.

Why Other Options Were Wrong

• Option A: This option is incorrect because while both statements are true, the Reason (R) is not a complete explanation for the Assertion (A). It only describes a one-way historical cause, not the full complementary relationship.
• Option C: This option is incorrect because the Reason (R), 'Cities have developed as a result of industrialization,' is a historically true statement. The growth of cities was significantly accelerated by the Industrial Revolution.
• Option D: This option is incorrect because the Assertion (A), 'Urbanization and economic development are complementary to each other,' is a widely accepted principle in sociology and economics. They are mutually reinforcing.

Related Visual

Clinical Relevance

• Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain This question tests the understanding of the relationship between urbanization, industrialization, and economic development, specifically in an assertion-reason format as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
• Understanding urbanization is relevant for community health nurses as it impacts public health planning. Rapid, unplanned urbanization can strain resources like sanitation, housing, and healthcare, leading to the rise of urban slums and associated health problems.
• Nurses working in urban areas often encounter health issues related to lifestyle, pollution, and overcrowding, such as respiratory illnesses, non-communicable diseases (e.g., diabetes, obesity), and mental health stress.
• What if the question was about the health impact of urbanization? The focus would shift from economic theory to practical health challenges. A correct answer might relate to increased pollution, the spread of communicable diseases in dense populations, or the dual burden of lifestyle diseases alongside infectious ones in urban slums.

How to Approach the Question

• Step 1: Analyze the Assertion (A). Determine if the statement 'Urbanization and economic development are complementary to each other' is true or false based on your general knowledge.
• Step 2: Analyze the Reason (R). Determine if the statement 'Cities have developed as a result of industrialization' is true or false.
• Step 3: If both statements are true, evaluate the relationship. Ask yourself: 'Does the Reason (R) fully and correctly explain why the Assertion (A) is true?'
• Step 4: In this case, (R) explains how cities grew but not the full 'complementary' (two-way) relationship in (A). It's a cause, but not the complete explanation.
• Step 5: Based on this analysis, select the option that states both are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Concept Tested & Keywords

• Concept Tested: This question tests the understanding of the relationship between urbanization, industrialization, and economic development, specifically in an assertion-reason format.
• Stem keywords: Urbanization, Economic development, Industrialization, Assertion, Reason
• Lead-in keywords: Select the correct answer

Question ID

QbZ3UUAXC0WcKAEAHrhOjU

Copy ID

Reference Book

E6 Applied Sociology for Nurses TK Indrani p. 125-127

E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 1 — Subpart A (pp 26-201 of 604) p. 20-22