Filaria is caused by?

Appeared in: BHU NO - 2015

Explanation

Filariasis is caused by parasitic roundworms known as filarial helminths, which are multicellular organisms.
The most common causative agents are the nematode species Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori.
These worms are transmitted to humans through the bites of infected mosquitoes.
Helminths are biologically distinct from single-celled protozoa, bacteria, fungi, and non-cellular viruses.

Option A: Bacteria are single-celled prokaryotic organisms. Filariasis is caused by a multicellular parasitic worm, not a bacterium.
Option C: Fungi are eukaryotic organisms like yeasts and molds. They cause mycoses (fungal infections) such as ringworm or candidiasis, not filariasis.
Option D: Viruses are non-cellular infectious agents that require a host cell to replicate. Filariasis is caused by a parasitic worm.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Causative agent of Filariasis as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Nurses play a key role in identifying early signs of lymphatic filariasis, such as lymphedema, and educating patients on management, especially skin care, to prevent secondary bacterial infections.
Community health nurses are vital for promoting mosquito control measures, such as using bed nets and eliminating stagnant water, which are crucial for preventing transmission.
Patient education regarding Mass Drug Administration (MDA) programs is a critical nursing responsibility in endemic areas to ensure compliance and help eliminate the disease.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the core of the question, which asks for the causative agent of 'Filaria' (Filariasis).
This is a factual recall question requiring knowledge of microbiology and parasitology.
Mentally review the main categories of pathogenic organisms: Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Protozoa, and Helminths (worms).
Recall or deduce that Filariasis, known for causing elephantiasis, is a worm infection.
Categorize 'worm' under the biological group 'Helminth'.
Evaluate the given options. Since 'Helminth' is an option, select it as the correct classification for the filarial worm.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 1 — Subpart B (pp 202-403 of 604) p. 132-134

E6 Medicine Harrison 22e Part 1 p. 1860-1862

Practise the full BHU NO - 2015

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.