Fertilised ovum is implanted and developed outside the uterine cavity is known as

AIIMS Raipur NO- 2019 (shift 3rd)

Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Easy

Appeared in: AIIMS Raipur NO- 2019 (shift 3rd)

Explanation

An ectopic pregnancy is defined as the implantation of a fertilized ovum outside the endometrial lining of the uterine cavity.
This condition is a medical emergency because structures outside the uterus, like the fallopian tube, are not equipped to support a growing embryo and can rupture, leading to life-threatening internal hemorrhage.
The most common site for an ectopic pregnancy is the fallopian tube, accounting for about 95% of all cases.
Diagnosis is typically confirmed through ultrasound and measurement of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels.

Option A: A hydatidiform mole is a type of gestational trophoblastic disease. It involves abnormal proliferation of trophoblastic cells inside the uterus, forming a mass of grape-like vesicles instead of a viable fetus. The implantation occurs within the uterus, not outside.
Option B: A normal pregnancy involves the implantation and development of the fertilized ovum within the endometrial lining of the uterine cavity, which is the opposite of what the question describes.
Option C: Multiple pregnancy refers to the presence of more than one fetus (e.g., twins, triplets) developing simultaneously. While it can have complications, the implantation site is typically within the uterine cavity.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Complications of early pregnancy, specifically the definition and location of implantation as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Ectopic pregnancy is a leading cause of maternal mortality in the first trimester. Nurses must be vigilant in assessing for its signs and symptoms in any woman of childbearing age presenting with abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding.
Prompt recognition and intervention are critical. A ruptured ectopic pregnancy can lead to severe hemorrhage and hypovolemic shock, requiring immediate surgical intervention.
Patient education is crucial. Women who have had an ectopic pregnancy have an increased risk of recurrence and should be counseled on seeking early prenatal care in future pregnancies.

How to Approach the Question

First, read the question carefully to identify the key phrase: 'implanted and developed outside the uterine cavity'.
This is a definition-based question. Your goal is to match this definition with the correct medical term among the options.
Analyze each option:
Hydatidiform mole: Recall that this is an abnormal growth of placental tissue inside the uterus.
Normal pregnancy: Recall that this involves implantation inside the uterus.
Multiple pregnancy: Recall that this refers to the number of fetuses, not the location.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Complications of early pregnancy, specifically the definition and location of implantation.
Stem keywords: Fertilised ovum, implanted, developed, outside uterine cavity
Lead-in keywords: is known as

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