RUHS, Jaipur, M.Sc Nursing Entrance Exam-2016
Child Health Nursing (Pediatrics)
Easy
During the first year of life, the child is said to go through the stage?
Appeared in: RUHS, Jaipur, M.Sc Nursing Entrance Exam-2016
Explanation
- According to Freud's psychoanalytical theory, the Oral stage is the first stage of psychosexual development.
- This stage spans from birth to approximately 12 to 18 months, which corresponds to the 'first year of life' mentioned in the question.
- During the Oral stage, the infant's primary source of pleasure and interaction with the world is centered on the mouth through activities like sucking, feeding, and biting.
- The main developmental conflict of this stage is weaning, and its successful resolution is crucial for developing trust and independence.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option B: The Anal stage occurs from approximately 18 months to 3 years, which is after the first year of life. Its focus is on developing bowel and bladder control.
- Option C: The Genital stage begins at puberty and continues into adulthood. It involves the maturation of sexual interests directed towards others outside the family.
- Option D: The Phallic stage occurs from approximately 3 to 6 years. During this time, the focus of pleasure shifts to the genitals, and children become aware of gender differences.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Understanding developmental theories like Freud's helps nurses anticipate patient needs and behaviors at different life stages. For an infant, this means recognizing the importance of oral stimulation for comfort and development.
- Nurses can educate parents about the normalcy of behaviors like thumb-sucking and explain that it's a self-soothing mechanism, not necessarily a bad habit in infancy.
- When caring for an infant who is NPO (nothing by mouth) for a procedure, a nurse can provide a pacifier to satisfy the sucking reflex, which can reduce crying and distress.
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the core of the question. It asks to match a specific time frame ('first year of life') with a developmental stage.
- Recognize that the options (Oral, Anal, Phallic, Genital) are from Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development.
- Recall the sequence and approximate age ranges for Freud's stages.
- Match the 'first year of life' (birth to 12 months) to the corresponding stage. The first stage in Freud's model is the Oral stage.
- Select the option that matches this recall. The Oral stage is the correct answer as it covers the period from birth to about 18 months.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development
- Stem keywords: first year of life, child, stage
- Lead-in keywords: FIRST
- Clinical cues: Age: first year of life - this is the key detail that points to a specific developmental stage.
Question ID
QChlN34SH_DhnEzKVHcD9G
Reference Book
E6 Nursing Fundamentals Potter Perry 12e Part 1 p. 163-165
E6 Robert Boland, Marcia L. Verduin - Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Text of Psychiatry-Wolters Kluwer Health (2024) (pp 1-16525 of 16525) p. 2976-2978
E6 Psychology Baron Misra 5e Part 2 p. 86-88
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