Development of human being is influenced by-

RUHS, Jaipur, PB B.Sc Nursing Entrance-2022

Applied Psychology

Easy

Appeared in: RUHS, Jaipur, PB B.Sc Nursing Entrance-2022

Explanation

Human development is universally understood as the product of the interaction between heredity (nature) and environment (nurture).
Heredity refers to the genetic endowment from one's parents, which sets the potential and limits for development.
Environment encompasses all external factors, including physical, social, and cultural influences, that shape an individual from conception onwards.
This option is the most comprehensive as it includes both the biological blueprint and all external influences, which are interdependent.

Option A: This option is incomplete. Parents and teachers are significant components of a person's social environment, but this choice completely omits the foundational role of heredity (genetics).
Option B: This option is also incomplete. Psychological and cultural features are important aspects of the psychosocial environment, but they do not account for the biological basis of development provided by heredity.
Option C: Similar to option A, this is too narrow. Relatives and teachers are part of the social environment but do not represent the entirety of environmental influences, and crucially, this option ignores the genetic component (heredity).

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Factors influencing human development (Nature vs. Nurture) as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Understanding the interplay of heredity and environment is fundamental to holistic nursing care. It allows nurses to assess patients by considering both their genetic predispositions and their environmental context (e.g., lifestyle, family support, socioeconomic status).
In patient education, nurses apply this concept daily. For instance, when counseling a patient with a family history of hypertension (heredity), the nurse focuses on modifiable environmental factors like diet, exercise, and stress management.
What if? If a child shows developmental delays, a nurse must consider both potential genetic conditions (heredity) and factors in the child's home life, nutrition, and exposure to toxins (environment) to form a complete assessment.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the core concept of the question, which is the fundamental factors that influence human development.
Evaluate each option for its scope and comprehensiveness.
Recognize that options A, B, and C (Parents, teachers, relatives, psychological, cultural features) all describe specific components of a person's 'environment'.
Note that these options are incomplete because they all omit the biological and genetic component of development, which is 'heredity'.
Identify that option D, 'Heredity and environment', is the broadest and most inclusive choice, encompassing both the genetic blueprint (nature) and all external influences (nurture).
Conclude that the most accurate and complete answer is the one that covers both these fundamental aspects.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Psychology Applied Sreevani 6e Sem1 pp. 41-43, 39-41

E6 Psychology Applied Sreevani 5e p. 40-42