Softening and blue purple discoloration of cervix in early pregnancy is called-

Appeared in: RUHS, Jaipur, PB B.Sc Nursing Entrance-2022

Explanation

Chadwick's sign refers to the characteristic bluish or purplish discoloration of the cervix, vagina, and vulva during early pregnancy.
This color change is caused by increased blood flow and venous congestion in the pelvic tissues, a physiological response to pregnancy hormones.
Although the question also mentions 'softening' (which is Goodell's sign), the 'blue purple discoloration' is the unique and defining feature of Chadwick's sign, making it the best answer.
It is considered a probable sign of pregnancy, typically appearing around 6 to 8 weeks of gestation.

Option A: Hegar's sign is the softening of the lower uterine segment (the isthmus), which is the area between the cervix and the body of the uterus. The question specifically asks about changes to the cervix.
Option C: Goodell's sign refers only to the softening of the cervix. It does not include the blue-purple discoloration mentioned in the question, which is the hallmark of Chadwick's sign.
Option D: Osiander's sign is the detection of an increased pulsation in the lateral vaginal fornices. It is a palpable sign related to increased blood flow, not a visual sign of color change or a change in tissue consistency.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Early presumptive and probable signs of pregnancy as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Recognizing presumptive and probable signs of pregnancy is a fundamental nursing skill for early assessment and counseling of women of childbearing age.
The presence of signs like Chadwick's, Goodell's, and Hegar's strongly suggests pregnancy and warrants confirmation with a serum or urine hCG test and/or an ultrasound.
Educating patients about these normal physiological changes can reduce anxiety and help them understand their bodies during early pregnancy.

How to Approach the Question

First, break down the question to identify the key clinical findings presented: 1) softening of the cervix and 2) blue-purple discoloration of the cervix.
Recognize that these are classic early signs of pregnancy.
Systematically review the definitions of each option provided.
Hegar's sign: Softening of the lower uterine segment.
Chadwick's sign: Bluish discoloration of the cervix/vagina.
Goodell's sign: Softening of the cervix.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Midwifery Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing Sandeep Kaur p. 6-11

E6 Obstetrics Williams p. 39-58

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Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.