ESIC Nursing Officer-7July 2024
Applied Psychology
Easy
According to Freud, the toddler is primarily in which psychosexual stage?
Appeared in: ESIC Nursing Officer-7July 2024
Explanation
- According to Freud's theory, the toddler age group, which spans from 1 to 3 years, is in the Anal stage of psychosexual development.
- The primary focus during the Anal stage is on gaining control over bodily functions, specifically bowel and bladder control through toilet training.
- Successful navigation of this stage leads to a sense of competence and independence.
- The conflict arises between the child's desire for gratification from expelling or retaining feces and the societal demands for control.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: The Oral stage occurs from birth to 1 year, which is the infancy period, not the toddler period. The focus is on the mouth.
- Option C: The Phallic stage occurs from ages 3 to 6, which corresponds to the preschool years, not the toddler years. The focus is on the genitals.
- Option D: The Latency stage occurs from age 6 to puberty, which is the school-age period. Sexual energy is dormant during this stage.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Freud's Psychosexual Stages of Development as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Understanding Freud's stages helps nurses provide anticipatory guidance to parents. For a toddler in the Anal stage, the nurse can educate parents on positive and patient approaches to toilet training, emphasizing that pressure or punishment can lead to negative psychological outcomes (e.g., anal-retentive or anal-expulsive traits).
- Nurses can assess a child's behavior in the context of these developmental stages. For example, a toddler's insistence on 'doing it myself' is a hallmark of the autonomy-seeking behavior characteristic of the Anal stage.
- What if? A 4-year-old child who was previously toilet-trained begins soiling their pants after a new baby comes home. A nurse recognizing this might interpret it as regression—a defense mechanism where the child reverts to an earlier psychosexual stage (the Anal stage) to cope with the stress of a new sibling. The intervention would focus on addressing the child's feelings of displacement and providing positive reinforcement, rather than punishing the behavior.
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the key terms in the question: 'Freud', 'toddler', and 'psychosexual stage'. This is a direct recall question about a specific developmental theory.
- Recall Freud's five stages of psychosexual development in order: Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, and Genital.
- Associate the age group 'toddler' with the corresponding age range, which is typically 1 to 3 years.
- Match the 1-3 year age range to the correct Freudian stage. The Oral stage is for infants (0-1), the Anal stage is for toddlers (1-3), and the Phallic stage is for preschoolers (3-6).
- Select the 'Anal' stage as the correct answer for a toddler.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Freud's Psychosexual Stages of Development
- Stem keywords: Freud, toddler, psychosexual stage
- Lead-in keywords: BEST, MOST RELEVANT CLUE
Question ID
QERLI_zBAV52PCkYG2q99t
Reference Book
E6 Robert Boland, Marcia L. Verduin - Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Text of Psychiatry-Wolters Kluwer Health (2024) (pp 1-16525 of 16525) pp. 2976-2978, 11330-11332
E6 Psychology Morgan King 9e Part 2 p. 179-181
Practise the full ESIC Nursing Officer-7July 2024
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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