Child survival and safe motherhood programme was introduced by

RUHS, Jaipur, M.Sc Nursing Entrance Exam-2023

Community Health Nursing

Easy

Appeared in: RUHS, Jaipur, M.Sc Nursing Entrance Exam-2023

Explanation

The Child Survival and Safe Motherhood (CSSM) Programme was a national health initiative launched in India in 1992.
It was introduced by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW), Government of India, to reduce maternal and child mortality.
The program integrated key services for maternal and child health, such as immunization, antenatal care, and management of common childhood illnesses.
The CSSM program was later absorbed into the broader Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) Programme in 1997.

Option A: WHO is an international public health agency. While it provides global guidance and launched the 'Safe Motherhood Initiative' in 1987, it did not introduce the specific CSSM programme in India.
Option C: The Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) is a professional association of pediatricians. It sets guidelines and advocates for child health but does not have the authority to launch national government programmes.
Option D: The National Neonatology Forum (NNF) is a professional body of experts in newborn care. It focuses on training, research, and standardizing neonatal care but is not a government ministry that implements national health programmes.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain National Health Programmes in India as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Nurses are the frontline workers responsible for implementing the interventions under such national programmes, including providing antenatal care, conducting immunizations, and offering health education.
Understanding the history and components of programmes like CSSM helps nurses appreciate the evolution of public health strategies and their role within the larger healthcare system.
What if? If a community member asks why the CSSM program is no longer active, a nurse can explain that its essential services were not stopped but were integrated and expanded under the current Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) and National Health Mission (NHM) frameworks, ensuring continued care.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the core subject of the question, which is a specific national health programme in India ('Child Survival and Safe Motherhood Programme').
Next, analyze the question's requirement, which is to identify the body that 'introduced' it.
Recall or deduce that major national health programmes in India are implemented by the central government, specifically the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
Evaluate the options provided. Differentiate between government ministries (MOH), international organizations (WHO), and professional associations (IAP, NNF).
Based on this differentiation, conclude that the Ministry of Health is the only plausible government body responsible for launching such a programme in India.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: National Health Programmes in India
Stem keywords: Child survival, safe motherhood programme, introduced by
Lead-in keywords: BEST, MOST RELEVANT CLUE
Clinical cues: Age/sex group narrows the expected diagnosis, intervention, or normal reference range.

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E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 1 — Subpart C (pp 404-604 of 604) p. 129-131