Capoeira is an Afro-Brazilian blend of martial art, game and dance created by enslaved Africans in Brazil during the 16th century. Participants form a roda (circle) and take turns in playing instruments, singing and sparring in pairs in the centre of the circle. The game is marked by fluid acrobatic play, feints, and extensive use of groundwork, as well as sweeps, kicks, and head-butts. Less frequently used techniques include elbow-strikes, slaps, punches, and body-throws. Capoeira has evolved from one main form referred to as Capoeira Angola, into other two forms known as Capoeira regional, and the ever-evolving Capoeira contemporanea. Master Bimba made a major contribution to the preservation of the art by establishing the first Capoeira academy in Brazil.

Who created Capoeira?

1. A

   Enslaved Africans in Brazil

2. B

   Enslaved Americans in Brazil

3. C

   Enslaved Indians in Brazil

4. D

   Enslaved Brazilians in Brazil

Appeared in: DSSSB -28 August 2019 (Shift-2)

Explanation

• The passage directly states that Capoeira was 'created by enslaved Africans in Brazil during the 16th century.'.
• This historical fact establishes the specific group responsible for the genesis of this unique Afro-Brazilian art form.
• It was developed as a form of cultural resistance and self-defense, disguised as a dance to avoid detection and punishment by slave owners.
• The practice combines elements of martial arts, acrobatics, music, and dance, reflecting its complex origins in the enslaved African communities of colonial Brazil.

Why Other Options Were Wrong

• Option B: The text and historical records specify that the creators of Capoeira were from Africa, not the Americas. They were brought to Brazil through the transatlantic slave trade.
• Option C: While indigenous populations (often referred to as 'Indians' in historical contexts) existed in Brazil, Capoeira is a documented cultural creation of the African diaspora, blending various African traditions.
• Option D: This option is too general and imprecise. While the enslaved people were in Brazil, their cultural origins were African. The term 'Afro-Brazilian' is used to honor this specific heritage. The creators were not 'Brazilians' in the modern sense of national identity at the time.

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Clinical Relevance

• Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Origin of Capoeira as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
• Cultural Significance: Capoeira is a profound symbol of resistance against oppression. It represents the preservation of African culture and identity under the brutal conditions of slavery.
• UNESCO Heritage: In 2014, the 'Capoeira Circle' was inscribed on UNESCO's Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, recognizing its worldwide importance.
• Modern Expression: Today, Capoeira is practiced globally and serves as a medium for social inclusion, physical fitness, and the celebration of Afro-Brazilian history.

How to Approach the Question

• This is a reading comprehension question. The answer is explicitly stated within the provided text.
• First, read the question carefully to understand what information is being asked: 'Who created Capoeira?'.
• Next, scan the provided paragraph for keywords like 'created by,' 'originated from,' or 'developed by.'
• The very first sentence states, 'Capoeira is an Afro-Brazilian blend of martial art, game and dance created by enslaved Africans in Brazil...'
• Compare this direct information with the given options.
• Select the option that exactly matches the information found in the text.

Concept Tested & Keywords

• Concept Tested: Origin of Capoeira
• Stem keywords: Capoeira, created by
• Lead-in keywords: Who

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QsfH5cpbUru2ocb8fMRmef

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