A type of presentation in which the fetal buttocks presents at the pelvic inlet and the denominator is sacrum is called as

Appeared in: NHM UP Staff Nurse-2021 Shift-1st

Explanation

The question describes a situation where the fetal buttocks are the presenting part at the pelvic inlet.
It also specifies that the sacrum is the denominator, which is the bony landmark used to determine the position in a breech presentation.
This combination of the buttocks as the presenting part and the sacrum as the denominator is the definition of a breech presentation.

Option A: In a vertex presentation, the presenting part is the fetal head (specifically the occiput), not the buttocks.
Option C: Knee presentation is a specific, rare type of incomplete breech presentation where the knee is the presenting part. The general term for a buttocks-first presentation is breech.
Option D: Footling presentation is another type of incomplete breech where one or both feet present first. The question specifies the buttocks as the presenting part.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Fetal Presentations and Denominators as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Identifying the fetal presentation is a critical nursing assessment during labor. It determines the plan for a safe delivery.
Breech presentations are associated with a higher risk of complications like cord prolapse and head entrapment, often leading to a planned cesarean section.
Accurate identification through Leopold's maneuvers and vaginal examination, confirmed by ultrasound, is essential for appropriate management.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key terms in the question: "fetal buttocks presents" and "denominator is sacrum".
This is a direct recall question asking for the definition of a specific type of fetal presentation.
Review the definitions of the options provided.
Vertex presentation involves the head (occiput).
Breech presentation involves the buttocks (sacrum).
Knee and Footling presentations are specific sub-types of breech, but the general term defined by the buttocks and sacrum is 'Breech'.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Midwifery Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing Sandeep Kaur p. 46-54

E6 Obstetrics Williams p. 21-40

Practise the full NHM UP Staff Nurse-2021 Shift-1st

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.