& x20;Which of the following vasculitis is NOT classified as a medium-vessel disease? - INI-CET EXAM -2026

INI-CET EXAM -2026

Pathology & Genetics

Easy

Appeared in: INI-CET EXAM -2026

Explanation

Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is classified as a small-vessel vasculitis, specifically an ANCA-associated vasculitis.
It primarily affects small vessels like capillaries, venules, and arterioles, as confirmed by the Chapel Hill Consensus Conference classification.
Unlike medium-vessel diseases, MPA commonly presents with necrotizing glomerulonephritis and pulmonary capillaritis, which are consequences of small-vessel inflammation.

Option B: Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a classic example of a medium-vessel vasculitis, characterized by necrotizing inflammation of medium-sized arteries, often at vessel bifurcations.
Option C: Buerger's disease (Thromboangiitis obliterans) is an inflammatory disease affecting small and medium-sized arteries and veins. Because it involves medium-sized vessels, it does not fit the criteria of being 'NOT' a medium-vessel disease in this context.
Option D: Kawasaki disease is a primary medium-vessel vasculitis, predominantly seen in children, with a characteristic and dangerous involvement of the coronary arteries.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Knowing Classification of vasculitis by vessel size helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
Nurses must understand the classification of vasculitis as it predicts organ involvement and guides monitoring. For example, small-vessel vasculitis like MPA often requires close monitoring of renal function (urinalysis, creatinine) and respiratory status (for pulmonary hemorrhage).
Patient education is a key nursing role, especially for conditions like Buerger's disease, where the nurse must emphatically counsel on the absolute necessity of tobacco cessation to halt disease progression.
Recognizing signs of specific vasculitides is crucial. For Kawasaki disease, a nurse must be vigilant for persistent fever, rash, and changes in extremities, as prompt treatment with IVIG can prevent coronary artery aneurysms.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the core task of the question: it asks to find the 'exception' among the options regarding medium-vessel vasculitis.
The keyword 'NOT' is critical; it signals a negative question format. Your goal is to find the option that does not fit the category 'medium-vessel disease'.
Recall the classification of vasculitis based on vessel size: large, medium, and small.
Systematically categorize each option provided: A. MPA (small), B. PAN (medium), C. Buerger's (small and medium), D. Kawasaki (medium).
Observe that Polyarteritis nodosa, Buerger's disease, and Kawasaki disease all involve medium-sized vessels.
Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is the only option that is primarily and definitively classified as a small-vessel vasculitis.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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