Wilms's tumor is tumor of which organ?

Appeared in: RUHS, Jaipur, PB B.Sc Nursing Entrance-2023

Explanation

Wilms' tumor, also known as nephroblastoma, is the most common type of kidney cancer affecting children.
The medical term 'nephroblastoma' directly points to its origin, as 'nephro-' is the Greek prefix for kidney and '-blastoma' indicates a tumor composed of embryonic cells.
It typically presents as a firm, smooth abdominal mass in a young child, which is a classic sign of a renal tumor.
The tumor arises from primitive renal epithelial and mesenchymal cells, confirming its development within the kidney.

Option B: The most common primary cancer of the eye in children is retinoblastoma, which develops in the retina.
Option C: Cancers that originate in the lymph nodes are classified as lymphomas, such as Hodgkin's or Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Option D: The most common primary malignant bone tumors in children are osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Knowing Identification of the organ of origin for Wilms' tumor (nephroblastoma) helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
The single most important nursing precaution for a child with Wilms' tumor is to avoid palpating the abdomen. A sign stating "DO NOT PALPATE ABDOMEN" should be placed at the bedside to prevent accidental tumor rupture and metastasis.
Nurses must diligently monitor the child's blood pressure, as hypertension occurs in about 25% of cases due to the tumor's production of renin. Antihypertensive medications may be required.
Post-operative care after nephrectomy (kidney removal) involves monitoring for signs of infection, managing pain, assessing urine output from the remaining kidney, and providing emotional support to the child and family.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key term in the question: "Wilms's tumor".
The question asks for the specific organ where this tumor originates. This is a factual recall question.
Recall or deduce the alternative name for Wilms' tumor, which is nephroblastoma.
Analyze the medical term 'nephroblastoma'. The prefix 'nephro-' refers to the kidney, and '-blastoma' refers to a tumor made of embryonic cells.
Based on this breakdown, conclude that the tumor is located in the kidney.
Review the given options and select 'Kidney' as the correct answer.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Identification of the organ of origin for Wilms' tumor (nephroblastoma).
Stem keywords: Wilms's tumor, tumor, organ
Lead-in keywords: is tumor of which

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E6 Ghai Essential Pediatrics(pp 26-904 of 913) p. 636-638

E6 Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics(2024) — Volume 2 pp. 936-938, 937-939

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