Which of the following splints is indicated for metacarpal bone?

Appeared in: NHM UP Staff Nurse-2023 Shift-2nd

Explanation

A Zimmer splint is the only option that provides rigid immobilization, which is essential for treating a metacarpal fracture.
It is typically made of malleable aluminum with foam padding, allowing it to be custom-molded to the hand to stabilize the bone.
The primary goal of splinting a fracture is to prevent motion at the fracture site to allow for proper healing.

Option A: A Stockinette high arm sling is a supportive device, not an immobilizing one. Its main purpose is to elevate the arm to reduce swelling.
Option B: A High arm sling, similar to the stockinette version, is used for support and elevation of the arm, primarily to control swelling and provide comfort.
Option D: A Broad sling supports the weight of the forearm and is used for injuries to the upper arm, forearm, or shoulder, but it does not provide the specific, rigid immobilization needed for a metacarpal fracture.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Orthopedic Immobilization Devices as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
A nurse must be able to differentiate between devices for immobilization (splints, casts) and those for support (slings, binders) to provide correct patient care and education.
Applying the wrong device can lead to complications such as delayed healing, malunion (bone heals in a wrong position), or increased pain and swelling.
Patient education is key. The nurse should instruct the patient on how to care for the splint, monitor for signs of neurovascular compromise (the '6 Ps': pain, pallor, pulselessness, paresthesia, paralysis, poikilothermia), and when to seek medical attention.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key terms in the question: 'splint' and 'metacarpal bone'. This tells you the question is about immobilizing a bone in the hand.
Analyze the options provided. Categorize each option based on its function. You should recognize that three options are types of slings and one is a splint.
Recall the purpose of a splint versus a sling. A splint is for rigid immobilization of a fracture. A sling is for support and elevation.
Based on this understanding, determine which option provides the necessary immobilization for a fractured bone.
Even if the image provided is of a larger splint, the term 'Zimmer splint' is the only plausible answer among the choices for immobilizing a metacarpal fracture.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Nursing Brunner Adult Health 3SA Vol 1 Part 4 pp. 116-118, 117-119

E6 Nursing Fundamentals Potter Perry 12e Part 6 p. 102-104

Practise the full NHM UP Staff Nurse-2023 Shift-2nd

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.