RUHS, Jaipur, PB B.Sc Nursing Entrance-2019
Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Easy
Which of the following is the ovarian factor that affects female fertility?
Appeared in: RUHS, Jaipur, PB B.Sc Nursing Entrance-2019
Explanation
- Increased prolactin levels, a condition known as hyperprolactinemia, is an endocrine disorder that directly causes ovulatory dysfunction.
- High prolactin suppresses the pulsatile release of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus.
- This suppression leads to reduced secretion of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland.
- Without adequate FSH and LH, the ovary cannot properly develop a follicle and release an egg, a condition called anovulation. Therefore, it is classified as an ovarian factor.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: Tubal adhesions are bands of scar tissue that physically block or distort the fallopian tubes.
- Option B: Endometrial tumors are growths within the uterus that can interfere with the implantation of an embryo.
- Option C: Endometriosis is primarily considered a tubal/peritoneal factor. It causes inflammation and adhesions that distort pelvic anatomy and can block the fallopian tubes, interfering with fertilization and transport.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Classification of female infertility factors as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Correctly categorizing the cause of infertility is crucial for guiding appropriate treatment. Ovarian factors like hyperprolactinemia are often managed medically (e.g., with dopamine agonists), while tubal or uterine factors may require surgical intervention.
- A thorough patient history is essential. Symptoms like irregular periods or galactorrhea (milky nipple discharge) can point towards an ovulatory disorder like hyperprolactinemia.
- What if? If a patient with infertility has regular menstrual cycles, an ovulatory factor is less likely. The investigation would then focus more on tubal, uterine, or male factors.
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the core concept of the question, which is the classification of female infertility causes.
- The question specifically asks to identify the 'ovarian factor' from the given options.
- Mentally categorize each option based on its primary mechanism for causing infertility:
- Does it affect the ovary's ability to produce or release an egg? This is an Ovarian factor.
- Does it physically block or damage the fallopian tubes? This is a Tubal/Peritoneal factor.
- Does it alter the uterus, preventing implantation? This is a Uterine factor.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Classification of female infertility factors
- Stem keywords: ovarian factor, female fertility
- Lead-in keywords: Which
- Clinical cues: Age/sex group narrows the expected diagnosis, intervention, or normal reference range.
Question ID
Q_exZuk_P3odCc-rx_DsTS
Reference Book
E6 Gynecology Williams p. 18-45
E6 Medicine Harrison 22e Part 2 p. 1056-1058
Practise the full RUHS, Jaipur, PB B.Sc Nursing Entrance-2019
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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