Which of the following is not a vector borne disease?

Appeared in: RUHS, Jaipur, PB B.Sc Nursing Entrance-2023

Explanation

Tuberculosis (TB) is the correct answer as it does not fit the definition of a vector-borne disease.
TB is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Its primary mode of transmission is airborne, through the inhalation of respiratory droplets expelled by an infected person when they cough, sneeze, or talk.
Unlike the other options, TB transmission does not involve an intermediate biological carrier or vector like an insect.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Knowing Modes of disease transmission (Vector-borne vs. Airborne) helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
Understanding the mode of transmission is critical for implementing the correct infection control precautions. For Tuberculosis, this involves airborne precautions like N95 respirators and negative pressure isolation rooms.
For vector-borne diseases like Malaria, Dengue, and JE, prevention focuses on mosquito control (e.g., eliminating breeding sites, using bed nets) and personal protection from bites.
What if? If a patient presents with fever and neurological symptoms after traveling to a rural area in Asia, Japanese Encephalitis would be a strong consideration, highlighting the importance of travel history in diagnosing vector-borne diseases.

How to Approach the Question

First, understand the core question. It asks you to find the exception among the options, the one that is NOT vector-borne.
Define 'vector-borne disease' in your mind: an illness spread by a carrier, typically an insect like a mosquito or tick.
Systematically evaluate each option against this definition:
Malaria: Transmitted by mosquitoes. It is vector-borne.
Dengue: Transmitted by mosquitoes. It is vector-borne.
Japanese encephalitis: Transmitted by mosquitoes. It is vector-borne.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Modes of disease transmission (Vector-borne vs. Airborne)
Stem keywords: vector borne disease
Lead-in keywords: not
Negative lead-in flag: The question asks to identify the option that is NOT a vector-borne disease.

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E6 Comprehensive Textbook of Community Health Nursing for BSc Nursing Students Part 2 — Subpart A (pp 1-275 of 550) p. 93-95

E6 Medicine Harrison 22e Part 1 p. 1058-1060

Practise the full RUHS, Jaipur, PB B.Sc Nursing Entrance-2023

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.