Which of the following diseases is non-communicable?

Appeared in: MP CHO -2019 (Shift-1)

Explanation

Diabetes is classified as a non-communicable disease (NCD), meaning it is not caused by an infectious agent and cannot be spread from person to person.
It is a chronic metabolic disorder resulting from the body's inability to produce or effectively use insulin.
The primary risk factors for diabetes are a combination of genetic predisposition and lifestyle factors, such as diet, physical inactivity, and obesity.

Option B: Pertussis, or whooping cough, is a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis.
Option C: Measles is a highly contagious viral disease caused by the Morbillivirus, spread through respiratory droplets.
Option D: Diphtheria is a serious bacterial infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, which spreads from person to person, usually through respiratory droplets.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Classification of diseases as communicable or non-communicable as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Nurses must differentiate between communicable and non-communicable diseases to implement appropriate care. For communicable diseases, the focus is on infection control and prevention of spread (e.g., isolation, vaccination). For NCDs, the focus is on long-term management, patient education, and lifestyle modification.
In India, while communicable diseases remain a challenge, there is a rapidly increasing burden of NCDs like diabetes and hypertension, requiring a shift in healthcare focus towards chronic disease management.
What if? If a patient with diabetes is admitted to the hospital, the nursing priority is blood glucose monitoring and wound care, not isolation. However, if a patient with measles is admitted, the immediate priority is airborne isolation to prevent an outbreak.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the core concept of the question, which is the term 'non-communicable'.
Define 'non-communicable disease' as a condition that is not infectious and cannot be passed from one person to another.
Systematically evaluate each option against this definition.
Recall that Diabetes is a metabolic disorder related to lifestyle and genetics.
Recall that Pertussis, Measles, and Diphtheria are well-known infectious diseases for which vaccines are routinely given.
Based on this analysis, conclude that Diabetes is the only option that fits the definition of a non-communicable disease.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Comprehensive Textbook of Community Health Nursing for BSc Nursing Students Part 2 — Subpart A (pp 1-275 of 550) p. 99-101

E6 Text Book Of Pediatric Nursing 3rd Panchali Pal — Part 3 (pp 477-702 of 713) p. 66-68

Practise the full MP CHO -2019 (Shift-1)

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.